Societal transformations environment and sustainable development 教学课件.ppt

Societal transformations René Kemp UNU-MERIT, ICIS, DRIFT Sustainability benefits may be secured through sociotechnical transformations involving system innovation Are green system innovations easier for countries that go through a transformation? System Innovation System innovations involve a new logic (guiding principle) and new types of practices (at the supply and user side). Through system innovation a service is offered in a novel way or altogether new services are offered. Innovation System An innovation system is constituted by elements and relationships which interact in the production, diffusion and use of new and economically useful knowledge (Lundvall, 1992). A further distinction is between national, sectoral and regional systems of innovation. Socio-technical change Socio-technical change is the outcome of processes that can be identified at different levels: micro, meso and macro The story of change: (1) Most innovation is incremental and part of a technological regime, radical change occurs rarely Socio-technical change (2) At the micro level there is variety but the variety is bounded due to competition and to advantages of standardization but also bounded by self-assumed roles, routines and shared assumptions and beliefs – that form a cognitive and normative framework (a regime) which channels investment and imagination into particular directions Socio-technical change (3) The transformation of regimes and landscapes What is a regime? A regime may be defined in terms of knowledge and technology (internal combustion vehicle regime) in terms of a practice: automobility, massproduction In terms of the central institution or type of coordination: world trade agreement, IPR, system of control measures (product testing, occupational safety, health, ..) The strength of the multi-level framework is that innovation and transition processes can be explained by the interplay of stabilizing mechanisms at the regime level and (regime-) destabilizing