公研 Unit 5 Attributive Clause 英汉对比与翻译 研究生 教学课件.ppt

Unit 5 A Contrast of Attributive Clause 1. The Structure of Attributive Clause in English 2. The Attributive Clause Used to Serve as Adverbials 3. Separated Structure of Attributive Clause and Others 1. The Structure of Attributive Clause in English (1) This is the rat that ate the malt that lay in the house that Jack built. 译文1. 这就是那只吃了放在杰克造的屋子里的麦芽的耗子。 译文2. 耗子吃麦芽，麦芽放屋里，屋子杰克造。 （杠子打老虎，老虎吃小鸡，小鸡吃虫子，虫子蚀杠子。） 秃子扛洋枪，洋抢打老虎，老虎吃小孩，小孩抱小鸡，小鸡吃蝎子，蝎子蛰秃子。 (2) The doctor examined the rat that carried the flea that harbored the germ that infected the poor Indian. 译文1. 大夫检查了那只耗子，耗子身上寄生有跳蚤，跳蚤身上则寄生有细菌，这种细菌使那个可怜的印 第安人染上了病。 译文2. 大夫检查了那只寄生有跳蚤的耗子，是跳蚤身上的细菌使那个可怜的印第安人得病的。 译文3. 寄生在跳蚤身上的细菌使那个可怜的印第安人染上病，大夫检查了那只寄生有跳蚤的耗子。 译文4. 大夫检查了耗子，耗子身上有跳蚤，跳蚤身上有细菌，细菌染病那可怜的印第安人。 (3) There are many wonderful stories to tell about the places I visited and the people I met. A. 关于我所访问的一些地方和遇见的一些人有许多奇妙的故事可以讲。 B. 我访问了一些地方，也遇到了一些人。要谈起来，奇妙的事儿可多着呢。 (4) Can you answer a question which I want to ask and which is puzzling me? A. 你能回答一个使我弄不懂而又想问你的问题吗? B. 我有一个问题弄不懂，想请教你，你能回答吗? 女人感叹男人：有才华的长的丑、长的帅的挣钱少、挣钱多的不顾家、顾家的没出息、有出息的不浪漫、会浪漫的靠不住、靠的住的又窝囊。男人感叹女人：漂亮的不下厨房、下厨房的不温柔、温柔的没主见、有主见的没女人味、有女人味的乱化钱、不乱化钱的不时尚、时尚的不放心、放心的没法看。 大 学(孔子) 古之欲明明德于天下者，先治其国；欲治其国者，先齐其家；欲齐其家者，先修其身；欲修其身者，先正其心；欲正其心者，先诚其意；欲诚其意者，先致其知；致知在格物。物格而后知至；知至而后意诚；意诚而后心正；心正而后身修；身修而后家齐；家齐而后国治；国治而后天下平。 2. The attributive clause used to serve as adverbials The attributive clause, usually called “relative clause”, which, however, does not often function as the attributives but in most cases offers some additional information, especially, from the semantic view, has a very high frequency in both spoken and written English. Since the relative clauses do not function as attributives, they are simply a way of joining different information as it is thought to be closely related.  2.1 As adverbial of cause (1) He is a good man, who always helps others. 他是个好人，因为他经常帮助别人。 他经常帮助别人，是个好人。 (2) The current, which is very rapid, makes the river dan