第6讲 长句的翻译 汉英翻译 教学课件.ppt

中国农业大学人文与发展学院外语系教案 课程名称：汉英翻译 单元主题：长句的翻译 任课教师：赵挺 授课班级：英语071/072 长句的翻译 翻译长句主要是把原文句子的主次脉络搞清.首先抓住句子的的主语和谓语,然后根据句中的关联词如关系代词﹑关系副词﹑介词等来看各种修饰语,弄清他们之间的关系,继而理解全文.在这一基础上,我们可以采取几种翻译方法. 1. 按原文结构次序译 2.先把主语译出,再补充修饰主语的从句或分词短语等细节. 在翻译长句时,抓住原文的逻辑结构(原文的逻辑结构通常不是通过逻辑连接词实现的), 以原文的逻辑结构为框架,组织译文的行文顺序,结论性内容放在最后. 下面看一些汉英翻译的例子 雨后， 院里来了个麻雀， 刚长全了羽毛。它在院里跳， 有时飞一下， 不过是由地上飞到花盆沿上， 或由花盆上飞下来。看它这么飞了两三次， 我看出来：它并不会飞得再高一些， 它的左翅的几个长翎拧在一处， 有一根特别的长， 似乎要脱落下来。 As soon as the rain stopped, a sparrow, almost full-fledged, flew into the courtyard. It hopped around, fluttered at times, darting up to the edge of the flowerpot and back to the ground again. Watching it move up and down like this a couple of times, I realized that it could not fly any higher as the plumes on its left wing have got twisted, and one is sticking out as if about to come off any moment. 析：汉语句群里往往有些词或词组重复出现。有时作为一种修辞手段 , 加强语气。原文中描述一个受伤的小麻雀飞翔的情况，出现了多达五次的“飞”字，使句群内部语义连贯，主题突出。 但英文行文往往避免词语重复现象，而且事实上小麻雀飞的具体动作并不完全一样，因此，译文围绕主题，采用近义词替换的方式，分别用“ flew into ”、“ fluttered ”、“ darting up ”、“ move up and down ”、“ fly ”等词和词组，确切地表达了词语意义，也实现了句群的语义连贯。 秋天来溪水清个透亮，活活的流，许多小虾子脚攀着一根草，在浅水里游荡，有时又躬着身子一弹，远远地弹去，好象很快乐。 With the coming of autumn, the water in the brook was crystal-clear, flowing very lively. Many small shrimps with their legs clinging to a weed, swam around in the shallows, or sometimes bounced to a distance with their backs arched, as if they were very happy. 广东对于多数中国人来说曾经是一个特殊并充满神秘感的省份。这多半由于它毗邻香港的缘故。自从中共在１９４９年建立政权后，香港成为地理上距中国大陆最近而政治制度及意识形态与大陆大相径庭的一个区域。广东因此而成为一个窗口，刺激并满足着中国人和外国人相互间对 异端 的好奇心。 To many Chinese, Guangdong Province was in the past a peculiar, mysterious place due to its close proximity to Hong Kong and Macao. In 1949, when the Chinese Communist Party assumed power in China, Hong Kong maintained a completely different political system and ideology, despite being geographically a part of the mainland. Guangdong, therefore, became the window through which Chinese and foreigners kept an eye on one another. （李霞“广东