工伤补偿制度：起源、问题与解决研究.docVIP

工伤补偿制度：起源、问题与解决研究 【内容提要】社会化的工伤保险制度系因应工业社会中频发的工伤而产生，在一些国家是工伤补偿以禁止劳动者对雇主请求民事侵权赔偿为前提的，除第三人侵权情形外，我国亦是如此。但工伤补偿和民事侵权赔偿的差异，导致了两个方面的问题：劳动者无法获得充分赔偿和雇主对安全问题的懈怠，这要求工伤补偿与民事侵权赔偿之间的制度衔接。工伤补偿制度仅应适用于无过错责任，在雇主存在过错的情况下，应赋予劳动者独立的民事侵权责任求偿权，确立过错责任和无过错责任之间补充的关系。 【摘 要 题】论苑 【英文摘要】The social industrial injury compensation system emerged as a means to the settlement of constant occurrence of industrial injuries；in many countries the workers get the compensation on the condition that they lose their rights to b ring suits on tort liability against the employers. In China. the situation is the same in many circumstances. The difference between injury compensation and tort liability resulted in two problems：the lower compensation of the workers and the employers neglect in security，which requires the connection between industrial injury compensation and liability in torts. The industrial injury compensation should only apply to the non-fault liability while the liability in torts should apply to the fault liability. The relationship between them is supplementary. 【关 键 词】工伤/工伤补偿/侵权赔偿 industrial injury/injury compensation/tort liability 【责任编辑】松明 【参考文献】 马克思.对民主主义者莱因区域委员会的审判[M]//马克思恩格斯全集(第六卷).北京：人民出版社，1961. 人类迈入城市时代[DB/OL]. economist. 2007. 05. 03. /logs/.html. [3]Dan B. Dobbs. Torts and Compensation—Personal Accountability and Social Responsibility for Injury, Second Edition, West Publishing Company, 1992. [4]Robert L. Rabin. Perspectives on Tort Law. Little Brown and Company, Third Edition, 1992. [5]陈国钧.劳工问题[M].台北：台湾三民书局.1964. [6]Edward J. Kinka. Torts, West Group, 1999. [7][美]斯蒂芬·D·舒格曼.20世纪美国人身伤害法的演变[M]//王军.侵权行为法比较研究.北京：法律出版社，2006. [8][美]理查德·A·爱泼斯坦.侵权法——案例与资料[M].北京：中信出版社，2003. [9]房绍坤.民商法问题研究与适用[M].北京：北京大学出版社，2002. [10]Arthur Larson. Workman’’s Compensation Law. West Publishing Company, 2000. [11]吕琳.劳工损害赔偿法律制度研究[M].北京：中国政法大学出版社，2005. [12]刘荣军.日本民法百年中的侵权行为法[J].环球法律评论.，2001，(秋季号). [13]郑尚元.工伤保险法律制度研究[M].北京：北京大学出版社，2004. [14]George C. Christie＆James E. Meeks. The La