抽象职务发明奖酬请求权研究-中国民商法律网.PDFVIP

抽象职务发明奖酬请求权研究 刘 强 内容提要：职务发明奖酬对于合理分配单位与发明人的利益具有重要作用。基于职务发明奖酬的特 殊属性，有必要借鉴公司法中股东抽象红利分配请求权规则，在发明人与单位就奖酬事项约定不明或没有 约定时赋予其抽象职务发明奖酬请求权。以此能够有效克服职务发明奖酬支付主体不固定、数额标准不明 确、举证责任分配不公平和诉讼时效认定标准不统一等司法困境，实现职务发明经济利益的分配正义，保 护发明人的奖酬权益，激发创新热情。 关 键 词：职务发明奖酬 抽象奖酬请求权 支付主体 奖酬数额 举证责任 诉讼时效 Abstract: The system of reward and remuneration for employee invention is an important way to allocate the interest between work unit and inventors. Based on the special nature of the reward and remuneration for service invention, it is necessary to refer to the disposal of the shareholder’s right to abstract dividend stipulated in the Company Law, and provide the inventor an abstract claim in the reward and remuneration. By doing so, such unreasonable situations can be avoided, in which the payment subject of the invention remuneration is indefinite, amount calculation is deficient, the distribution of the burden of proof is unfair, and the limitation of legal action standards is not explicit. As such, the justice in distributing interest in conformity with the performance can be enhanced, inventor’s rights for remuneration can be ensured, and the passion for innovation can be inspired. Key Words: reward and remuneration for employee invention; the abstract claim for reward and remuneration; payment subject; reward and remuneration amounts; burden of proof; limitation of action 职务发明奖酬是单位对有特殊贡献的职务发 产权管理方面也追求更多的自主空间。专利法及 明人所给予的一种物质或者其他方面的激励。a 其实施细则允许企业单位与发明人就奖酬问题实 发明人在劳动合同范围内完成单位的工作任务并 行意思自治，但过度自由又会导致奖酬支付义务 b 获取薪酬。 企业可以制定单位内部的职务发明 主体不固定、数额计算标准要素缺失、举证责任 奖酬管理办法，以激发员工的创造积极性，提高 分配失衡、诉讼时效适用标准不统一等问题。发 c 研发效率。 然而，制度设计的缺陷及发明人谈 明人以职务发明为依据所产生的期待利益，与公 判地位不平等成为单位实施机会主义行为侵害发 司股东红利分配请求权利益在法律性质上具有相 d e 明人奖酬利