高级商务英语听说（第二版）Unit 15 Organizational Culture －Competitive Advantage.pptVIP

Organizational Culture —Competitive Advantage企业文化—竞争优势 Unit 15 ? Learning objectives In this unit students will learn words and expressions related to organizational culture. Students will learn to talk the foundation and the characteristics of organizational culture. Answers to the comprehension questions 1. What is the definition of organizational culture given in the text? Organizational culture is defined as “the set of shared, taken-for-granted implicit assumptions that a group holds and that determines how it perceives, thinks about, and reacts to its various environments.” 2. What are the three characteristics of organizational culture? First, organizational culture is passed on to new employees through the process of socialization. Second, organizational culture influences our behavior at work. Finally, organizational culture operates at two different levels—visible and less visible. Answers to the comprehension questions 3. How does organizational culture operate at both more visible and less visible level? Give examples to illustrate. At the more visible level, culture represents artifacts. Artifacts consist of the physical manifestation of an organization’s culture. Organizational examples include acronyms, matter of dress, awards, myths and stories told about the organization, published lists of values, observable rituals and ceremonies, special parking spaces, decorations, and so on. At the less visible level, culture reflects the values and beliefs shared among organizational members. These values tend to persist over time and more resistant to change. These values tend to persist over time and are more resistant to change. 4. How do you understand Vijay Sathe’s Model for observing and interpreting organizational Culture? It’s up to each individual’ s understanding. Part A Business News First listening: listen for the gist What is the main idea of the first news report? The first piece of news reports