学点语音知识.doc

学点语音知识 1) 字母 letters：语言的书写形式。元音字母a, e, i (y), o, u, 2) 音标 phonetic symbols：词的语音形式。 3) 音素 phoneme：音的最小的单位。英语中有48音素。 音节 syllable：由元音和辅音构成的发音单位。apple, student, teacher, understand 开音节 open syllable：a) 辅音+元音+辅音+e name bike ;b) 辅音+元音 he, go, hi 闭音节 closed syllable：a) 辅音+元音+辅音 bad, bed, sit, hot, cup; b)元音+辅音it 重读音节 stressed syllable：单词中发音特别响亮的音节。 5) 元音 vowel：发音响亮，是乐音；口腔中气流不收阻碍；是构成音节的主要音。英语中有20元音。 6) 辅音 consonant：发音不响亮，是噪音；口腔中气流受到阻碍；不是构成音节的主要音。英语中有28辅音。 2. 元音 (Vowels)： 单元音 Vowels Jones K.K. Examples 1)???? [((] [(] sea, he, see, piece, ceiling 2)???? [(] [(] sit, build, miss, myth 3)???? [(] [(] bed, desk, head 4)???? [(] [(] bad, land, bank, stamp 5)???? [((] [(] / [(] car, fast, class, plant, calm, aunt 6)???? [(] [(] / [(] hot, want 7)???? [((] [(] door, more, sport, ball, warm, author, court, bought 8)???? [((] [(] good, who, blue, soup 9)???? [(] [(] look, put, women, could 10) [(] [(] cup, come, blood, rough 11) [((] [] girl, work, serve, nurse 12) [(] [(]/[(] cadre, ago, forget, polite, dollar, doctor, famous 双元音 Diphthongs 13) [((] [(] cake, they, play, eight, great, 14) [((] [((] bike, die, neither, light, try, find, height, eye 15) [((] [(] phone, cold, boat, soul, grow 16) [((] [((] house, town 17) [((] [((] boy, oil 18) [((] [((] dear, idea, deer, here, fierce 19) [((] [((] pear, care, there, fair 20) [((] [((] tour, poor 3. 辅音 Consonants 1) [p] pen 2) [b] bed, comb 3) [t] tell 4) [d] day, played, wanted 5) [k] cold, sky, quick, school, back, accept, box 6) [g] big, go, guess, language 7) [m] man 8) [n] nine, knife, autumn 9) [(] bank, uncle, English, sing 10) [l] land, world 11) [r] read, write 12) [f] five, cough, laugh? 13) [v] voice, of? 14) [(] think,? 15) [(] this, bathe? 16) [s] sit, miss, science, case, scarf? 17) [z] zoo, close,? 18) [(] sure, she, social, nation? 19) [(] pleasure,? 20) [(] hot, who, hour?