英文疾病介绍——Hypertension高血压病医学课件.ppt

Hypertension（?ha?p??ten??n] ） 高血压病 What Is Hypertension? Hypertension (HTN) is a chronic（[?kr?nik]慢性的 ） medical condition in which the blood pressure in the arteries（[?ɑ:t?riz]动脉 ） is elevated([?el??ve?t?d]提高的). Diagnosis（[?dai?ɡ?n?usis]诊断 ） Classification Of Hypertension Causes Of Hypertension Genes（遗传因素） Diet（膳食因素） Social And Mental Condition（社会心理应激因素） Stress（压力） Anger（愤怒） Frightened（惊吓） Others（其它因素） Obesity（[???bi:s?ti:]肥胖症） Smoke（吸烟） Older Age（老龄） Inactivity（缺乏锻炼） Race（种族） Who is at risk? Anyone can have high blood pressure. Some people are more likely to have high blood pressure including: African Americans(more sensitive to salt) People over age 55 People with a family history of high blood pressure Who is at risk? Your chances of having high blood pressure are higher if you: Are overweight Eat foods high in salt Do not get regular exercise Smoke Drink alcohol heavily Under Stress,anger,frightened or sad in a long time Hypertension Symptoms High blood pressure is sometimes called a silent killer(无症状杀伤者) because it may have no outward symptoms for years (可能没有外在症状长达数年). In fact, one in five people with the condition don‘t know they have it. Internally([?n?t?:n?l?],在体内地), it can quietly damage the heart, lungs, blood vessels, brain, and kidneys if left untreated. It’s a major risk factor for strokes(中风/脑卒中) and heart attacks(心脏病). Pathological Changes(病变) Complications(并发症) When blood pressure is not well controlled, you are at risk for: Bleeding from the aorta([e???:t?],主动脉出血), the large blood vessel that supplies blood to the abdomen([?b?d??m?n]), pelvis([?pelv?s]), and legs(给腹部、骨盆和腿部供血的大血管) Chronic kidney disease(慢性肾疾病) Heart attack and heart failure(心脏病和心力衰竭) Poor blood supply to the legs(下肢供血不足) Stroke(中风/脑卒中) Problems with your vision(视觉障碍) Treatment The DASH Diet -- Dietary Approaches(饮食疗法) to Stop Hypertension -- involves eating more fruits, vegetables, whole-grain foods(全谷类食物), low-fat dairy(低脂奶), fish, poultry(禽肉), and nuts(坚果). Y