Supporting Information Radha et al. 10.1073pnas.1009959107英文文献.pdfVIP

Supporting Information Radha et al. 10.1073/pnas.1009959107 SI Text of sample creates the temperature difference and causes the heat Isolation of Sea Urchin Endoskeletal Spicules. To harvest the spicules, flow. The observed calorimetric curve as a function of time cor- embryo cultures that started with a total of 8 mL of eggs were responds to the heat effect associated with the sample dissolution initially poisoned with 0.1% (w∕v) sodium azide and allowed reaction. The integrated area under this calorimetric curve after to settle at 4 °C. The seawater was removed and the embryos were conversion using appropriate calibration factor corresponds to pelleted at 800 × g for 3 min. The embryo pellets were then resuspended in four volumes of ice-cold distilled H2 O and cen- the enthalpy of dissolution (ΔHsoln ) of the sample. The calori- meter was calibrated by dissolving 15 mg pellets of KCl in water trifuged at 800 × g for 3 min. The pelleted embryos were then resuspended in four volumes of 0.01 M Tris, pH 8.0 and again with stirring at 26 °C. The calibration factor obtained by dissol- centrifuged at 800 × g for 3 min. The supernatant was removed ving KCl pellets in water at 26 °C is used to convert the integrated and the lysed-embryo pellet was resuspended in 100 mL of 0.01 M area of the calorimetric signal into joules. The enthalpy change Tris, pH 8.0. The embryos were then homogenized using a Tek- for a given reaction is calculated by using measured enthalpies of mar Ultra-Turrax Homogenizer (a “Polytron” style homogenizer dissolution (ΔHsoln ) for all the components involved in the reac- that has ro