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Ecosystems (2011) 14: 445–457
DOI: 10.1007/s10021-011-9420-3
2011 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC
Net Anthropogenic Phosphorus
Accumulation in the Beijing
Metropolitan Region
Yuguo Han, Xuyong Li,* and Zhe Nan
State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences,
Beijing 100085, China
ABSTRACT
Phosphorus (P) is one of main pollution elements of NAPA, accounting for 40.7% (455 kg P km-2 y-1)
of eutrophication. P emissions from different of the total P input, followed by non-food P and P
pathways and sources are a key issue in the pro- in human food and animal feed. NAPA is closely
tection of water quality and sustainable watershed related to land use, on average 5433 kg P km-2 y-1
management practices. We have estimated net in densely populated developed land, 503 kg P km-2
anthropogenic P accumulation (NAPA), as an index y-1 in agricultural land and 84 kg P km-2 y-1 in
of P pollution potential in the Beijing metropolitan forest land. Human population density is the best
region, China. The NAPA estimation is based on an single predictor of NAPA. Our results provide a
inventory of P fertilizer use, consumption of hu- basis for understanding the potential impact of
man food and animal feed, non-food P, and river- anthropogenic P inputs on environmental prob-
ine P net flux. The overall average NAPA for 1991, lems, such as nation-wide water quality degrada-
1997, 2003, and 2007 are
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