材料科学基础 课件 07.ppt

材料科学基础Fundamental of Materials Lesson seven §2.9 Some Additional Terminology in Crystallography Ⅰ. Single crystal versus polycrystal 1. For single crystals there is only one type of structure with same orientation. Single crystals is characterized by anisotropy. 2. Polycrystal consists of a lot of grain, small single crystals, with same structure but different orientations. These small single crystals are called grains. The boundaries between them are called grain boundaries. single crystal polycrystal grain grain boundary Ⅱ. Allotropy Same crystal has different crystallographic structure at different condition. Examples: C , graphite , diamond , CNT BCC BCC FCC Graphite C60 molecule Carbon Nanotubes Ⅲ. Atomic radii Definition: Examples and Discussions Exercise