大学国际贸易第一章.pptVIP

CHAPTER 1 McGraw-Hill/Irwin ? 2004 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., All Rights Reserved. INTERNATIONAL ECONOMICS IS DIFFERENT Nations are not like regions or families. Being sovereign, nations can put all sorts of barriers between their residents and the outside world. Anation can have its own currency, its own barriers to trading with foreigners, its own government taxing and spending, and its own laws of citizenship and residence. As long as countries exist, international economics will be a body of analysis distinct from the rest of economics. FOUR EVENTS Steel Poor Workers in Poor Countries The Euro Argentina ECONOMICS AND THE NATION-STATE Different Moneys To many economists, and especially regular people, the principal difference between domestic and international trade and investment is that international transactions often involve the use of different moneys. Different Fiscal Policies For each sovereign country, its separate government has its own public spending,power to tax, and power to regulate. Each country’s array of import tariffs and export subsidies and duties are part of its separate fiscal policy. Factor Mobility In differentiating international from domestic economics, classical economists stressed the behavior of the factors of production. This distinction of the classical economists is partly valid today. THE SCHEME OF THIS BOOK In Part I we look at why countries trade goods and services. In Part II we examine what government policies toward trade would bring benefits and to whom. McGraw-Hill/Irwin ? 2004 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., All Rights Reserved. * *