高中虚拟语气及练习.doc

八、虚拟语气。 1.定义：表示与客观事实完全相反的假设，或难以实现的想法或愿望。 2.虚拟语气在条件句中的运用： If从句 主句 例句 与现在事实 相反 If+主语+动词的过去式 (be动词一律用were) 主语+should/would/ could/might+动词原形 If I were you, I would go to hospital. 与过去事实 相反 If+主语+had done 主语+should/would/ could/might + have done If I had known her number, I would have called her. 与将来事实 相反 ①If+主语+动词过去式 ②If+主语+were to+动词原形 ③If+主语+should+动词原形 主语+should/would/ could/might+动词原形 If it were to snow this evening, they would not go out. If there were no music, the world would be dull. If we had had enough rain last year, we could have gained a good harvest. If the sun were to rise in the west, I would not change my mind. 3.if 省略句。 在虚拟语气中if 可以省略，当if省略时，须把were, had, should提于句首，变为倒装语序。 If I were at school again, I would study harder. Were I at school again, I would study harder. If you had taken my advice, you wouldn’t have failed in the exams. Had you taken my advice, you wouldn’t have failed in the exams. If time were to go back, I would work double hard. Were time to go back, I would work double hard. If it should be fine tomorrow, we should go camping. Should it be fine tomorrow, we should go camping. 4.情态动词+have done 情态动词“should/ought to/could/may/maight+have done”表示“过去本该做某事但却未做”，该结构的否定形式则表示“过去本不应该做某事但却做了”，是一种委婉的责备，语气最强的是should, 最弱的是might. needn’t +have done表示“本没必要做某事但却做了” You are late again. You could have come earlier. I have told you many times. You should have done it better. You needn’t have ordered so much food, only five guests came. 5. 从句中的虚拟语气。 英语中，如：advise, ask, demand, desire, decide, insist(坚) , order, propose, request, suggest(建议)表示求、求、或等意义的动词所接的用虚拟语气，其的结构为：should+ 原形动词 It is suggested that the meeting (should ) be put off till next week. He suggested that we (should) start off early the next day. Exercise: 1. You did not let me drive. If we ____in turn, you ____ so tired A. drove; didn’t get??????? ? B. drove; wouldn’t get C. were driving; wouldn’t get D. had driven; wouldn’t have got 2. If my l