关于TFT-LCD的英文介绍.docVIP

What are TFT-LCDs?  TFT-LCD stands for thin-film transistor liquid-crystal display. TFT-LCD was first invented in early 1960s over the years substantial improvements were made on it and by 1991, it was developed for the commercial production of notebook computers. Thus the TFT-LCD industry was born. The TFT-LCD Structure: It uses liquid crystal to control the passage of light. The basic structure of a TFT-LCD panel may be thought of as two glass substrates sandwiching a layer of liquid crystal. The front glass substrate is fitted with a color filter, while the back glass substrate has transistors fabricated on it. When voltage is applied to a transistor, the liquid crystal is bent, allowing light to pass through to form a pixel. A light source is located at the back of the panel and?belongs to?a backlight unit. The front glass substrate is fitted with a color filter, which gives each pixel its own color. The combination of these pixels in different colors forms the image on the panel.  TFT Pixel Element A TFT array is composed of a matrix of pixels and ITO region (a transparent electric conducting film)each with a TFT device and is so called array. Thousands or millions of these pixels together create an image on the display. The diagram below shows the simple structure of a pixel No matter how the design of the TFT panel has been changed or modified, its structures have to contain TFT devices and LC control region (ITO film for transmissive type of LCD, metal such as AI is used for reflective type of LCD). TFT device is a switching device, which functions to turn each individual pixel on or off hence control the number of electrons flow into the ITO zone. As the number of electrons reaches the expected value, TFT turns off and these electrons can be kept within the ITO zone. The above diagram shows the flow of electricity for a TFT substrate, during time t1 to tn gate line driver IC continuously chooses to open G1 and allows each source line to charge