2017_2018学年高中英语Unit3InventorsandinventionsSectionⅢGrammar_过去分词作定语表语和宾语补足语教学案新人教版选修.docVIP

Section Ⅲ Grammar —过去分词作定语、表语和宾语补足语 语法图解 探究发现 ①The first thing I did was to see if there were any products that might help me, but there only seemed to be powders designed to kill snakes. ②I placed the frozen bowl over the snakes habitat and the ice-cubes on top of the bowl to keep it cool. ③The next morning I carried in my hand a small net used for catching fish. ④The criteria are so strict that it is difficult to get new ideas accepted unless they are truly novel. ⑤Everybody was shocked at the news. ⑥The lost time can never be found again. ⑦The story written by a middle school student is popular in schools. ⑧If you want to make yourself respected, you are above all to respect others. [我的发现] (1)句①②③⑥⑦中的过去分词(短语)在句中作定语。 (2)句②⑥中为单个的过去分词作定语，常常放于被修饰名词的前面；句①③⑦中过去分词短语作定语，常常放于被修饰名词的后面。 (3)句⑤中的过去分词shocked作表语。 (4)句④⑧中的过去分词accepted和respected在句中作宾语补足语，与其所修饰的中心词new ideas, yourself构成被动关系。 一、过去分词作定语 1．过去分词作定语时，相当于形容词，其逻辑主语就是它所修饰的名词。分词所表示的动作与其所修饰的名词构成动宾关系。单个的过去分词作定语时，常常置于其所修饰的名词前；而过去分词短语作定语时，常常置于其所修饰的名词后。 过去分词及过去分词短语作定语一般可转换为一个定语从句。 We must adapt our thinking to the changed conditions. (＝We must adapt our thinking to the conditions that changed.) 我们必须调整思路来适应改变了的情况。 The concert given by their friends was a success. (＝The concert which/that was given by their friends was a success.) 他们的朋友举办的音乐会很成功。 2．过去分词作定语时，需注意： (1)过去分词修饰something, everything, anything, nothing, somebody, nobody等不定代词以及指示代词those时，要放在这些词的后面。 He is one of those invited. 他是那些被邀请的人之一。 (2)单个的过去分词有时置于名词后作定语，表示强调。 The experience gained is very useful. 获取的经验很有用。 (3)有些过去分词作前置定语与后置定语时意义不同。 in the given time在既定的时间内 with the words given用所给的单词 a concerned look一个关切的神情 the people concerned有关人士 [名师点津]　及物动词的过去分词除表示“完成”的动作之外，还表示“被动”的意义。如：spoken English(英语口语); iced beer(冰冻啤酒); cooked food(熟食); fried chips(炸土豆条)。不及物动词的过去分词常表示“完成”的动作，而不表示“被动”意义。如：boiled water (开水); fallen leaves (落叶); the risen sun (升起的太阳)等。 [1]　用所给词的适当形式填空 ①(2016·江苏高考改编)In art criticism, you must assume the artist has a secret message hidden (hide) within the work.