[工学]第2章1DataBase.ppt

An Introduction to Database System Chapter 2 Relational Databases 关系数据库 2.1 Relational Model Introduction关系模型概述 2.2 Relational Data Structure关系数据结构 2.3 Relational Integrity关系的完整性 2.4 Relational Algebra关系代数 2.5 Relational Calculations 关系演算 2.6 Summary小结 Relational Database introduction 关系数据库简介 Relational data model is proposed by IBM’s E.F.Codd in 1970. E.F.Codd, “A Relational Model of Data for Large Shared Data Banks”, 《Communication of the ACM》,1970 After that，he proposed relational algebra and relational calculus. He proposed 1NF, 1NF, 1NF, in 1972. He proposed BCNF in 1974. Relational Database introduction Process data of the database using mathematic method. 关系数据库应用数学方法来处理数据库中的数据 After 1980’s, relational database became the most important database system. 80年代后，关系数据库系统成为最重要、最流行的数据库系统 Relational Database introduction Typical experimental system System R University INGRES Typical commercial system ORACLE SYBASE INFORMIX DB2 INGRES Chapter 2 Relational Databases 2.1 Relational Model Introduction关系模型概述 2.2 Relational Data Structure关系数据结构 2.3 Relational Integrity关系的完整性 2.4 Relational Algebra关系代数 2.5 Relational Calculations 关系演算 2.6 Summary小结 2.1 Relational Model Introduction 关系模型概述 Relational Database System 关系数据库系统 support relational model 是支持关系模型的数据库系统 Composition 关系模型的组成 relational data structure 关系数据结构 relational manipulation set 关系操作集合 relational integrity constraint 关系完整性约束 1. relational data structure关系数据结构 Single data structure----relation 单一的数据结构----关系 Entities and relationship among them are expressed by relation. 现实世界的实体以及实体间的各种联系均用关系来表示 Data logical structure------two dimension table 数据的逻辑结构----二维表 From users’ view, the data logical structure of relational model is a two dimension table. 从用户角度，关系模型中数据的逻辑结构是一张二维表。 2. relational operation set 关系操作集合 1) relational operations 常用的关系操作 2) relational operations characteristics 关系操作的特点 3) relational data language types 关系数据语言的种类 4) relational language characteristics 关系数据语言的特点 re