明清地域商帮与儒学科举——关于晋商与徽商的比较研究Regional merchants and Confucianism in the Ming and Qing Dynasties a comparative study of Shanxi merchants and Huizhou merchants.pdfVIP

明清地域商帮与儒学科举 ——关于晋商与徽商的比较研究 摘 要 本文从晋商与徽商对待儒学科举态度上的差异以及晋商与徽商 所取得的儒学科举成果的差异两个方面，进行了多角度的比较，得 出了晋商重商轻儒，而徽商则“贾而好儒”的各自特色。 论文认为，山西与徽州文化传统的差别、地理环境的差异、宗 族势力的强弱不同以及晋商和徽商与封建政治势力结合的程度不 同，是造成晋商与徽商对待儒学科举不同态度的原因。 对待儒学科举的不同态度，对晋商与徽商的发展起到了不同的 影响作用。对晋商来说，重商轻儒使晋商全力经营，形成了商业体 制上的创新，促进了商业的兴盛，但也为商业发展种下许多不利因 素；而对徽商来说，贾而好儒，为徽商的经营带来了发展上的便利， 但同时对业儒的终极关怀又成为商业发展道路上否定的因素。 关键词：明清时期 晋商 徽商 儒学科举 Local commercial groups and Confucianism and Imperial Examinations in Ming and Qing Dynasties ——Comparative Rrsearch on Shanxi Merchants and Huizhou Merchants Abstract Shanxi merchants payed more attention to commerce and despised Confucianism, Huizhou merchants were fond of confucianism as dealing.It came from comparing the differences between two commercial groups:the difference of treating confuciannism and imperial examinations, the difference of getting accomplishment of Confucianism and imperial examinations. The different district culture, geographical condition, influence of clan and relations with feudal government, which were the main reasons of their different manners to treating Confucianism and imperial examinations. The different manners also led different effects on the commercial development. For Shanxi merchants, it promoted development of commerce and blazed new trails of commercial system, but there were also a few unfavorable factors. For Huizhou merchants, It was a convenient element for management. At the same time, their manner was also a unfavorable factor to devolop commerce. Key words: Ming and Qing Dynasties; Shanxi merchants; Huizhou merchants; Confucianism and imperial examinations