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曾国藩人际关系论Discussing Zeng Guo-fan s Attitude Towards Interpersonal Relationships
曾 国 藩 人 际 关 系 论
摘 要
曾国藩在晚清史上具有举足轻重的地位。他组建湘军,与拥有百万
之众的太平军征战十几年,最后扼杀了太平天国。他首创洋务运动,“师
夷之长技”,成为晚清洋务运动的先驱,并且使摇摇欲坠的清政府开创了
所谓的“同治中兴”局面。在学术上,他师承程朱理学,标榜儒家道德
文化传统,成为晚清后期封建统治阶级内部的道德领袖与精神领袖。但
曾国藩的成功绝非偶然,他之所以能够建立所谓的“立功、立德、立言”
的功业,与他善于处理复杂的人际交往有着密切的关系。
首先,曾国藩有一套丰富的驾御幕僚、将领的方法。其中,知人善
任是曾国藩能够笼络大量人才的关键原因,同时他在驾御将领、招揽幕
僚方面也都有自己的原则,因此正确处理和下属的关系使得曾国藩周围
聚集了一大批经世之才。
其次,曾国藩善于协调与同僚的关系。一方面,他竭力团结湘系官
员,并逐渐形成以自己为核心的人际关系网,另一方面,他十分注意处
理好与非湘系官员的关系,对不同的对象采取不同的措施。
最后,曾国藩非常注意与最高统治者及朝廷权贵的关系。他时刻关
注清廷的态度,随时调整与他们之间的矛盾和冲突,并且积极结交朝廷
权贵,从而为自己的从政道路奠定有利基础。
曾国藩生活在封建社会末期,镇压太平天国起义及倡导洋务运动,
虽然主观上都是为了维护封建统治,但在和周围的人进行各种往来的过
程中,不自觉地或潜意识地遵循了人际关系的若干原则,了解研究这些
对今天仍然具有深刻的现实意义。
关键词:曾国藩 人际关系 评价
Discussing Zeng guo-fan’s Attitude towards Interpersonal Relationships
Abstract
ZENG Guo-fan had the prominent position on the Chinese modern history. He
established Hunan Army, which fought with millions of Tai-ping troops for many
years, and snuffed out it at last. He initiated the Westernization Movement, “to learn
the advantages from the foreign invaders ”, became the forerunner of Westernization
Movement, and made the tumbledown government start a so-called “Tong-Zhi
Resurgence”. Academically, he learned from the science of Cheng-Zhu, boosted
confucian moral tradition, and became the leader of morality and spirit of feudal
dominator inner in late Qing dynasty. But ZENG Guo-fan’s success wasn’t
haphazard, one of the important reasons of his success was that he was good at
dealing with complicated personal relationships.
First, ZENG Guo-fan had a plenty of ways in leading his asides and staff and
generals. And “choosing right person for right job ”was a key reason of lassoing a
number of persons with ability.
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