近代中国出境旅游研究A study of outbound tourism in modern China.pdfVIP

近代中国出境旅游研究 摘 要 旅游是社会生产力发展到一定阶段的必然产物，反映了一个国 家或地区的社会发展程度。近代中国出境旅游是在中国日益沦为半 殖民地半封建社会的条件下产生的，经过萌动、发展、兴盛三个历 史时期，具有鲜明的时代特征。本文从旅游文化的角度，根据详实 可信的资料，采用比较分析的方法，主要从以下几个方面对近代中 国出境旅游进行论述：一、分析近代中国出境旅游产生的国际、国 内因素。国际因素主要从产业革命的影响、交通工具的近代化、西 方近代旅游的发展等方面进行阐述，国内因素主要从近代政治、经 济、交通、思想文化的嬗变进行分析，从而推出近代中国出境旅游 产生的历史必然性。二、分别论述近代中国出境旅游萌动、发展、 兴盛三个历史时期的概况，并对各个时期出境旅游的发展与不足进 行剖析，从而得出半殖民地半封建社会的旧中国不可能产生现代意 义上旅游的结论。三、根据从鸦片战争到“五四”运动中国近代八 十年的出境旅游发展概况，归纳出近代中国出境旅游的总体特征。 四、通过对近代出境旅游概况和时代特征的把握，着重论述了近代 中国出境旅游对开阔视野、加速中国近代化行程、促进传统旅游观 念的转变、对现代旅游发展的影响。 关键词：近代中国 出境旅游 旅游文化 特征 影响 A Study on the Outbound Tourism of Modern China Abstract The tourism is an inevitable product that the social productive forces develops a certain stage, and it has also reflected a national or local degree of development. Modern China’s outbound tourism produced under the condition that old China degenerated into the semi-colonial and semi-feudal society day by day. It experienced three periods, that is, the stage of initiation, the stage of development and the stage of prosperity. It had the bright times characteristics. From the tourism culture angle, this article uses the comparative and analytic methods, and elaborates Modern China’s outbound tourism according to the detailed credible material from the following several aspects: Firstly, this article analyzes the domestic and international factors that Modern China’s outbound tourism produced. The international factors mainly analyze the influence of industrial revolution, the reform of modern vehicles, and the development of western modern tourism. The domestic factors mainly elaborate the evolution of modern politics, economics, vehicles, and thoughts. It thus o