良恶性肿瘤流行病学演示稿.pptVIP

Cancer Epidemiology Definition Cancer epidemiology is an applied discipline to study the distribution of cancer in population and to explore the etiology and prevention measure of cancer. Descriptive epidemiology Data source Cancer registry (incidence) Death surveillance (mortality) Retrospective mortality survey (mortality) Cancer census (prevalence) Cancer registry Cancer registry is a system to regularly collect, maintain and analyze the data of cancer incidence and mortality Cancer registry is a base of all other cancer research and prevention projects The results of cancer registry will supply a reference for health strategy, diagnosis of disease and epidemiologic study Structure of cancer registry City center Police Population data Rural physician Town hospital workers CDC Death data Confirmation follow Statistical measures Incidence rate=new cases of cancer/average population Mortality rate=deaths of cancer/average population Prevalence rate=cases of cancer/examine population Standardize rate (adjusted rate) Cancer frequency is related to age and different populations have different age structure so that crude rates are not comparable Cumulated rate is a summation of all age-specific rates Cancer Burden Cancer is first death in most western countries 10.9 million new cancer cases, 6.7 million deaths from cancer and 22 million cancer prevalent cases in 2002 in whole world 1.8~2 million new cancer cases and 1.4~1.5 million deaths from cancer in 2000 in China Deaths from cancer occupy 20% of all deaths The cost of treatment for cancer is more than 50 billion RMB per year Geographic distribution Cancer incidence rate: Highest Israel 787.4 per 100 thousand in 1997 Lowest: Oman 45.5 per 100 thousand in 1997 In China, Highest: Yangzhong(扬中市): 416.7 in male, 317.3 in female Lowest Gejiu (个旧市): 82.3 in male, 41.4 in female Time trend For all cancer, incidence rate is going up but for different cancer, trends are different Lung, liver, colon,