数字地图制图6.pptVIP

A major distinction among different vector data models is between those that have used a path topological approach versus those that have used a graph topological approach. In computer-assisted cartography, the latter are generally referred to as topological models while the former are called nontopological or geometric models. This distinction is misleading as the former focuses on the topology of boundaries or one-dimensional features as isolated features while the latter focuses on the topology of regions or two-dimensional features in a coherent network. Today most vector models are a hybrid of both as path topological models became a subcomponent of the other. Topological Data Models and Structures A major distinction among different vector data models is between those that have used a path topological approach versus those that have used a graph topological approach. Today most vector models are a hybrid of both as path topological models became a subcomponent of the other. One of the earliest path topological models came to be known as the spaghetti model. In this model, the boundaries between areal units are recorded as strings of coordinates. There is not necessarily any correspondence between these strings and the boundary of individual polygons. Path Topological Models (1) Spaghetti Model (x1,y1) (x2,y2) (x3,y3) (x4,y4) (x5,y5) (x6,y6) (x7,y7) (X8,y8) (x9,y9) (x10,y10) (x11,y11) (x12,y12) (x13,y13) (x14,y14) String Coordinate List S1 (x1,y1), (x2,y2), (x3,y3), (x4,y4), (x5,y5), (x6,y6), (x7,y7), (x8,y8), (x9,y9), (x10,y10), (x11,y11), (x12,y12) S2 (x3,y3), (x13,y13), (x14,y14) (x5,y5), (x14,y14), (x9,y9) S3 P1 P2 P3 (x1,y1) To facilitate polygon operations, the polygon model records and stores the outline of each polygon independently as a cirlular list(s) of coordinates comprising its outline. Advantage: The structure of this digital representation allows each entity to be easily identified in processing.