初三英语 中班 学生用 1.8.docVIP

初三英语复习（二）学生用 学习重点：1.直接引语变间接引语 2.时态（将来时，完成时） 3.被动语态 4.情态动词 5.句型转换 学习难点：1.直接引语变间接引语 2.完成时 3.句型转换 第一部分 直接引语变间接引语 ● 直接引语变间接引语 直接引语：使用引号引出人家的原话 He said,” I am afraid I can’t finish the work.” 间接引语：用自己的话把人家的话转述出来 He said that he was afraid he couldn’t finish the work. （间接引语在大多数情况下是一个宾语从句。） 直接引语变间接引语：人称变化、时态变化、宾语从句要用陈述句语序。 直接引语变间接引语有两种句型：陈述句 疑问句 一、如何变人称： 下面有一句顺口溜“一随主。二随宾，第三人称不更新”。 “一随主” She said. My brother wants to go with me. →She said her brother wanted to go with her. “二随宾” He said to Kate. How is your sister now? →He asked Kate how her sister was then。 “第三人称不更新” Mr Smith said。 Jack is a good worker。 →Mr Smith said Jack was a good worker。 二、如何变时态： 直接引语变间接引语时，时态的变化规律是往“过去”相应的时态推移： （1） 一般现在时变为一般过去时 He said,” I am afraid I can’t finish the work.” He said that he was afraid he couldn’t finish the work. （2） 现在进行时变为过去进行时 He said,” I am using the knife.” He said that he was using the knife.” （3） 一般将来时变为过去将来时 She said ,” I’ ll do it after class.” She said that she would do it after class. 但要注意在以下几种情况下，在直接引语变为间接引语时，时态一般不变化。 ①直接引语是客观真理。 The earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth, the teacher told me. → The teacher told me the earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth。 ②直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某日作状语，变为间接引语时，时态不变。如： Xiao Wang said. I was born on April 2l, 1980。 →Xiao Wang said he was born on April 20, 1980。 三、如何变句型： （that,whether\if, 特殊疑问词引导） 1.She said, Our bus will arrive in five minutes. →She said that their bus would arrive in five minutes. 2.He said, Can you swim, John? →He asked John if he could swim. 3.She asked me, When do they have their dinner? → She asked me when they had their dinner. 4.Don’t make any noise, she said to the children. →She told (ordered) the children not to make any noise. 四、其他词语的变化 直接引语 间接引语 this, these that, those here there now then today, tonight that day, that night this evening that evening last week the week before tomorro