[英语学习]写作Chapter 5.docVIP

Chapter Five Writing Essays 1. Structure of an essay An essay is a piece of writing that has at least three paragraphs. All of the paragraphs in an essay are related to the same topic. An essay usually has a specific organization. It has three main parts: an introduction (or introductory paragraph), at least one body paragraph, and a conclusion (or concluding paragraph). 2. Steps of writing an essay Generally speaking, there are seven steps in writing process. Step 1: generating ideas and brainstorming There are two methods to generate ideas or brainstorm: listing of ideas and clustering. Step 2: organizing ideas and planning Step 3: getting feedback Step 4: writing the first draft (rough draft) Step 5: revising Step 6: editing Step 7: preparing the final draft 3. Patterns of developing an essay Traditionally, essay writing has been divided into the following four patterns of development: narration, description, exposition, and argumentation. 3.1. Narration A narration is a story that describes a sequence of fictional or non-fictional events. A narrative can also be told by a character within a larger narrative. 3.1.1. Steps on how to write the narrative essay. Step 1: Decide on a topic. Step 2: Brainstorm several different ways the narrative can go. Step 3: Start writing. Step 4: Reread the essay. Step 5: Edit for grammar and the technical rules of writing. Step 6: Ask someone else to edit or read over your essay for content and grammar. 3.1.2. Elements of Narration In order for a narration to be interesting and meaningful, it must have the following elements: 1. Emotion.? Writing is really such hard work that people ought not to bother writing something with which they are not emotionally involved.? 2. Action.? Something happens, that is, tension increases and conflict intensifies as various events occur.? The action, however, whether it is exterior and visible or interior and invisible, causes the situation to change so that conditions are different at