[高考英语]高中英语指导手册 第三部分 状语从句.docVIP

第三部分 状语从句 一、知识点拨 （一）时间状语从句 (Adverbial Clause of Time) 问题一：引导时间状语从句的连接词哪些？ 引导时间状语从句的常用连接词有：while, when. whenever, before, after, since, till, untill, once, as, as soon as, no sooner ... than, hardly / scarcely / barely ... when, the moment, the minute, the second, the instant, every time, each time, next time, the first time, the last time, by the time, directly, immediately, instantly等。 问题二：when, while和as的用法有何区別？ 1．when既能表示时间点，也能表示时间段；while只能表示时间段，如： ① When/While our English teacher was explaining the grammar to us, the headmaster came in and stopped him. ② Our English teacher was explaining the grammar to us when the headmaster came in and stopped him. 2．while引导的从句中的动词通常为延续性动词，且常可用进行时。如： While her classmates were looking for jobs, she was busy writing her graduating thesis. 3．若从句动作发生在主句动作之前，通常用when引导从句。如： When she comes, I shall tell her to wait for you. 4．as强调伴随，常指两个动作同时发生。如： As she entered, she responded pleasantly to the interviewers greeting. 5．若从句表云“随着 ... （时间）的流逝”，只能用as。如： As the day went on, the weather got worse. 6．while还可作“而”解，表示对比。如： Some people waste food while others havent enough. 7．当主句是过去进行时、过去完成时，或was/were about to do o sth等结构时，从句用when引导，且只能置于主句后面。从句中谓语动词通常是瞬间动词的一般过去时。这时when作“这时／正在那时，（突然） ...”解。如： ① He was walking along the street when he ran into an old friend. 他正在街上走，突然遇封一位老朋友。 ② I had read only a few lines when I heard the bell ringing. 我只读了几行字，这时我听到铃声响了。 ③ He was about to return to the path when he saw a river nearby, so he went to have a closer look. 他正要回到小路上，这时他看见附近一条河，于是他走近看个仔细。 ④ I was halfway back to the cottage where my mother lived when Susan caught up with me. 我正在回母亲村子的半路上，这时Susan赶了上来。 问题三：after和before的用法须注意什么？ 1．after从句的动作发生在主句动作之前，故若主句的动词是过去时，从句通常用过去完成时，也可用过去时；而before从句的动作发生在主句动作之后，故若从句的动词是过去时，主句通常用过去完成时，也可用过去时。如： ① He bought a house after he sold/had sold his car. ② Before she went to the interview, she made / had made two journeys. 2．before在运用中还须注意： （1）before与can连用时，可解释为“还来不及…”。如：Before I could explain, the cashier barked, Cant you se