电(致)塑性效应在材料加工中的应用研究进展.doc

电（致）塑性效应在材料加工中的应用 研究进展 徐学利郑梗梗王洪铎王涛 安石油大学材料科学与工程学院 材料在电场或外加电流的刺激下，各项性能会发生改变，塑性提高，变形抗力 下降，即电塑性效应。近年来，在材料加工的各领域己经开始广泛将这一效应用 于材料的改性研宄中，取得了显著地成果。基于此，综合评述了电（致）塑性效 应微观机理及影响因素的研究现状，分析了电（致）塑性效应中电子风力及漂 移电子对材料内部位错的影响，讨论了电（致）塑性效应对材料显微组织及力 学性能的影响，并对电（致）塑性在材料加工屮的应用研究进展进行综述。同时 对电（致）塑性效应在材料加工方而的应用做出了展望，为电（致）塑性效应 在材料加工中的广泛应用提供参考。 关键词： 电（致）塑性效应;微观机理;微观组织结构;电（致）塑性加工; 郑梗梗，男，1991年生，研究生，主要从事金属材料焊接性研 宄，E-mail: 151090308@stumail. xsyu. edu.cn 徐学利，男，1963年生，教授，生导师，主要从事管材成形工 艺及其性能控制、材料加工中组织性能控制和材料组织性能的模拟优化，预测等 研究，E-mail:xlxu@xsyu. edu.cn 2017-04-11 基金：研究生创新与实践能力培养项目（YC Research progress on the application of electro-plastic effect in materials processing XU Xue-li ZHENG Geng-geng WANG Hong-duo WANG Tao School of Mat erialsScienc e Engineering, Xi’ an Shiyou University; Abstract： The material properties are changed under the stimulation of electric field or external current, viz., the plasticity increases while the deformation resistance decreases, namely the electro-plastic effect. In recent years, this effect was widely used in the modification of materials in various fields of material processing, and remarkable achievements were achieved. Based on this, a review and summary of research status of the micro-mechanism and the factors of the electro-plastic effect were comprehensively elaborated, the influences of electron wind force and drift electrons on internal dislocation of the lnaterials were studied, the effects of electro-plastic on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the materials were discussed, and the application of the electro-plastic effect in the material processing was summarized. Additionally, the application of the electro-plastic effect in the material processing was prospected, aiming to provide a reference for the wide application of the clcctrico-plastic effect in the material processing. Keyword： electro-plastic effect; micro-mechanism; microstructure; electro-plastic processing; Received： 2017-04-11 引言 金属材料在电流和电场作用下出现塑性和伸长率提高、形变抗力下降的现象，通 常称之为电（致）