[外语学习]材料成型专业英语Forming.ppt

* 合肥工大材料学院 何顺荣制作 * English in Materials Science and Engineering The anisotropy may be caused in different ways, such as a straight-line arrangement and linking of the heterogeneous structure elements in the extrusion direction (geometric anisotropy) , banding of the structure, or the creation of preferential orientation in the crystals (texture). The practical consequence of mechanical anisotropy is generally a reduction in strength at a right angle to the extrusion direction, which, however, is unimportant in most cases. English in Materials Science and Engineering * 合肥工大材料学院 何顺荣制作 * Recrystallization plays an important part in determining the structure of extruded products, not only in materials that recrystallized during deformation (e.g., copper, brass), but also in those subject to dynamic recovery during extrusion (e.g., aluminum and aluminum alloys). Recrystallization may in part be superimposed on the recovery processes during extrusion. English in Materials Science and Engineering It may, on the other hand, only begin after deformation when the deformation rate is greater than the rate of the recovery and crystallization processes, thus causing no major reduction in work hardening. The grain formed by recrystallization may vary considerably in size, both in the direction of extrusion and at a right angle to it. * 合肥工大材料学院 何顺荣制作 * English in Materials Science and Engineering The size depends on the type of material, the strain imparted, and the temperature. Large strains lead to a smaller grain size, high temperatures during deformation tend to increase grain size. This results in an irregular structure and thus variations in the mechanical properties. * 合肥工大材料学院 何顺荣制作 * English in Materials Science and Engineering This takes the form of an increase in strength from the center to the edge of the cross section and from the beginning to end of the extrusion (assuming no subsequent heat treatment is performed). Variations in strength across the