数据库设计chap04.pptVIP

? Pearson Education Limited, 2004 Chapter 4 Database Planning, Design, and Administration Transparencies Chapter 4 - Objectives How problems associated with software development led to the software crisis. How the software crisis led to a structured approach to software development called the information systems lifecycle. Chapter 4 - Objectives About the relationship between the information systems lifecycle and the database system development lifecycle. The stages of the database system development lifecycle. The activities associated with each stage of the database system development lifecycle. Software crisis Last few decades have seen proliferation of software applications, many requiring constant maintenance involving: correcting faults, implementing new user requirements, modifying software to run on new or upgraded platforms. Software crisis Effort spent on maintenance of software began to absorb resources at an alarming rate. As a result, many major software projects were late, over budget, unreliable, difficult to maintain, performed poorly. Software depression In late 1960s, led to ‘software crisis’, now refer to as the ‘software depression’. Major reasons for failure of software projects includes: - lack of a complete requirements specification; - lack of appropriate development methodology; - poor decomposition of design into manageable components. Information system lifecycle Structured approach to software development was proposed called information systems (IS) lifecycle or software development lifecycle (SDLC). Information system Resources that enable collection, management, control, and dissemination of data/information throughout an organization. Database is fundamental component of IS. Development/usage should be viewed from perspective of the wider requirements of the organization. Stages of database system development lifecycle Database planning System definition Requirements collection and analysis Database design