[工学]供电.docVIP

? ? 摘要 随着国民经济的发展，电能需求量越来越大，其中城市用电量更是急剧增加。目前， 我国一般大、中型城市的市中心地区每平方公里的负荷密度平均已达左右，有些城市市中心局部地区的负荷密度甚至高达上万千瓦，乃至几万千瓦，且有继续增长的势头。因此供配电系统的发展趋势是： 　　提高供电电压：如以进城，用配电。以解决大型城市配电距离长，配电功率大的问题，这在我国城市已经有先例。 　　简化配电的层次：如按的电压等级供电。 　　逐步淘汰等级：因为过细的电压分级不利于电气设备制造和运行业的发展。 　　提高设备配套能力：对工业企业和一些大型用电设备，将现行的电压升压为电压，可增加输电距离，提高输电能力；减少变压器数量，简化配电系统，提高供 电可靠性；缩小电缆截面，节省有色金属；降低功率损耗；扩大异步电动机的制造容量。只是由于我国在设备上还不能全面配套而尚未推广。 　　广泛使用配电自动化系统：借助计算机技术和网络通信技术，对配电网进行离线和在线的智能化监控管理。做到保护、运行、管理的自动化，提高运行人员工作效率，增强供配电系统可靠性。 Abstract with the development of national economy, amounts more and more big , among them electric energy need cities use quantity of electric charge to also be rapid increase. At present, area load per square kilometer density already reaches retinue big , medium-sized city downtown averagely like our country , the be up to up to ten thousand kilowatts even , and even almost myriad kilowatt of density, has some city downtown some areas load to continue growing tendency at present. Providing power distribution system developing trend therefore is Improve a service voltage: If to going into town, use power distribution. Long with the power distribution distance resolving the large-scale city, big power distribution power problem , this already have precedent in our country city. Facilitate the power distribution arrangement of ideas: If pushing down, the voltage grade supplies electricity. Eliminate a grade step by step: Because of careful voltage classifies be harmful for electric accessory to make and run development of job. : Improve the equipment ability to provide the auxiliary items: Heavy section uses electricity equipment to industrial enterprise and a few , boosts voltage, but the ability increasing transmit electricity distance , improving a transmit electricity with voltage currently in effect; Cut down transformer quantity , facilitate the power distribution system , improve the reliability supplying electricity; Reduce cable cross section , economize non-ferrous metal; Reduce power lo