[研究生入学考试]研究生英语一2000-2004真题翻译和作文详解.docVIP

考研翻译的命题原则: 1、所选择的体裁偏向于专业领域的学术文献 2、所选择的话题偏向文科、社会科学领域 3、划线的长度为30个单词左右，总长度为150个单词 考研翻译的评分标准=翻译标准=检查译文标准 准确：大意相同 通顺：说人话（准确是通顺的前提） 完整：要成句 翻译的方法：直接为主（直接翻译），适当意译（把意思说出来）（一句话4分钟） 考研翻译的步骤： 1、通读全句，查找连接（when，and） 2、分析成分，划分意群（前两步骤1分钟） 3、选择词义，适当草稿(看1分钟就动笔写) 读：多读汉语 4、调整通顺，书写译文（次序调整，词义选择）碰到生词：造句，填空，根据前后句 遇到多义词：同义替换 Part ⅢEnglish-Chinese Translation(2000) Directions: Read the following passage carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation must be written neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (15 points) Governments throughout the world act on the assumption that the welfare of their people depends largely on the economic strength and wealth of the community. 31）Under modern conditions, this requires varying measures of centralized control and hence the help of specialized scientists such as economists and operational research experts. 32）Furthermore, it is obvious that the strength of a country’s economy is directly bound up with the efficiency of its agriculture and industry, and that this in turn rests upon the efforts of scientists and technologists of all kinds. It also means that governments are increasingly compelled to interfere in these sectors in order to step up production and ensure that it is utilized to the best advantage. For example, they may encourage research in various ways, including the setting up of their own research centers; they may alter the structure of education, or interfere in order to reduce the wastage of natural resources or tap resources hitherto unexploited; or they may cooperate directly in the growing number of international projects related to science, economics and industry. In any case, all such interventions are heavily dependent on scientific advice and also scientific and technological manpower of all kinds. 33）Owing to the remarkable development in mass-communications, people everywhere are feeling new wants and are being exposed to new customs and ideas, while governments are often forced to introduce still fur