英语语法3-4.docVIP

1）It + be + 表语 +主语从句 表语：（名词， 形容词，过去分词） It is a pity that we can’t go. It is no surprise that our team should have won the game. It is an honour that I was invited to attend the meeting. It is certain that she will do well in her exam. It is true that I told her everything. It is said that Mr. Green has arrived in Beijing. It is reported that China has sent another manmade earth satellite into orbit. 2）It+不及物动词或短语+主语从句 It seemed (happened, doesn’t matter, has turned out) that… It happens that they were absent. It seems that Alice is not coming to the party at all. It doesn’t matter whether she will come or not. It makes no difference where we shall have the meeting. 3) It +及物动词（被动语态）+主语从句 It has been decided that the exhibition will not open on Sundays. 注意: 主语从句在句首时，必须由连接词引导，不能省略这些连接词；但是如果用it做形式主语，而把主语从句放在句末时，从属连词that可以省略。 误：They should like each other is natural. 正：That they should like each other is natural. 正：It is natural that they should like each other. 2)如果主语从句放在句首，不能用if引导，但是如果用it 做形式主语，而把主语从句放在句末时，也可以用if引导. 误：If Mary really heard him is really doubtful. 正：It was doubtful if Mary really heard him. be to do sth即将做某事；按计划或安排做某事；应当做某事 be about to 立刻就要，马上就要（不能和具体的时间状语连用） 17set out to do sth 着手做某事 set about doing sth 着手做某事 set sth aside 将某物放在一边 set sth back 耽搁或阻碍某物的进展 set sth down 写下来 warn sb to do sth警告某人做某事 warn sb of sth 告诫某人注意某事 warn sb that…告诫，提醒某人… warn sb against sb提醒某人提防某人 go away 走开 go ahead 干吧，说吧，走吧 go by 过去，依据，遵循 go down 降低，下降，沉默 go in for 从事于，参加（考试，竞赛），喜欢，爱好 go through 敬礼，被通过，仔细检查，做完 go off 爆炸，（机器）停止运转 go on 继续，发生 go up 上升，上涨，提交 go with 与……匹配/协调 23.watch out 当心，小心 break out 扑灭，熄灭 come out 出版，发型 lay out 不知，安排，设计； leave out 省去，略去，遗漏，没有考虑，不考虑 give out 分发，发出，发表，公布 sell out 售完； make out 开裂，理解，了解 figure out（at）合计（为） keep out使不入内 24.block out 封闭，堵塞，遮住，阻往，勾画轮廓，勾出大样，设计，计划 block off阻挡，封堵 block one’s way 挡道，挡住某人的去路 block up塞住，封住 25.a cloud of dust 一团尘埃 26.be fundamental to 对……是有必要的 27.as a result of this=bec