[经济学]情态动词.docVIP

情态动词 情态动词用来表示能力、允许、许诺、可能、劝告、意愿等概念或态度。情态动词无人称变化，在句子中和动词原形一起构成谓语。 ★ 三级考试重点 情态动词 + have done 1. must +have done 表示对已发生的事情的一种肯定的猜测。 For Example: * I didnt hear the phone．I must have been asleep． 我没有听见电话铃响，我肯定是睡着了。 * Since this road is wet and slippery this morning，it______ last night. A．must rain B. was raining C．must have rained D. may rain 既然今天早晨路上又湿又滑，昨晚肯定下雨了。 答案 C * I______ my wallet when I was shopping in the store．(2005 11) A. I must have dropped B. should have dropped C. could drop D. ought to have dropped 答案A *I believe he ______ an accident，otherwise he would have arrived on time． A. would have had B. could have had C. should have had D. must have had 答案D * I cant find the recorder in the room．It ______ by somebody． A. must have taken B. may have taken C. may have been taken D. should have been taken 答案C 2. should (ought to) + (not) + have done 表示应该做的事情而没有做．否定式表示不该做的事情做了。含有对过去动作的责备、批评的意思。 For Example: * You ought ______ the matter to the manager the day before yesterday． A. to report B. to have reported C．to reporting D. have reported 前天你就应该经理汇报这件事情。 答案B * Sorry，officer. I ______ at 80 miles but l didnt see any sign in the area telling people how fast they can drive．(2005．11) A. should not drive B. shouldnt have driven C. mustnt drive D. cant drive 对不起，警官，我不应该开80英里，但是我没有看见任何标志告诉人们时速是多少。 答案B 3. could + have done 表示能做的事而没有做，为此感到惋惜，遗憾。 For Example: * He could have joined us，but he didnt get our invitation in time． 他本来能够参加我们的，但是他没有及时收到我们的请贴。 * I could have passed, hut I did not study hard enough. 我本来能及格，但是没有努力学习。 * He abandoned a career that ______ to his becoming one of the most influential people in the world. A．could have led B. would lead C．should have led D. must lead 他本来能成为世界上最有影响力的人，但是他放弃了这样的机会。 答案A 练习题 1. You ______ read that article if you dont want to． A. havent B. cant C. mustnt D. neednt 答案D 2．I______ get this done immediately or it will be to