[自然科学]无机和有机化合物英文命名[化学专业大学生必备-考研必备].pdfVIP

化合物的英文命名 Nomenclature of Compounds All the compounds we have shown you are built up on hydrocarbon (carbon and hydrogen) skeletons.Most have oxygen and/or nitrogen as well; some have sulfur and some phosphorus. These are the main elements of organic chemistry but another way the science has developed is an exploration of (some would say take-over bid for) the rest of the periodic table. Some of our compounds also had fluorine, sodium, copper, chlorine, and bromine. The organic chemistry of silicon, boron, lithium, the halogens (F, Cl, Br, and I), tin, copper, and palladium has been particularly well studied and these elements commonly form part of organic reagents used in the laboratory. They will crop up throughout this book. These „lesser‟ elements appear in many important reagents, which are used in organic chemical laboratories all over the world. Butyllithium, trimethylsilyl chloride, tributyltin hydride, and dimethylcopper lithium are good examples.The halogens also appear in many life-saving drugs. The recently discovered antiviral compounds, such as fialuridine (which contains both F and I, as well as N and O), are essential for the fight against HIV and AIDS. They are modelled on natural compounds from nucleic acids. The naturally occurring cytotoxic (antitumour) agent halomon, extracted from red algae, contains Br and Cl. Another definition of organic chemistry would use the periodic table. The key elements in organic chemistry are of course C, H, N, and O, but also important are the halogens (F, Cl. Br, I), p-block elements such as Si, S, and P, metals such as Li, Pd, Cu, and Hg, and many more. We can construct an organic chemist‟s periodic table with the most important elements emphasized. 第一章 无机化合物的命名 Chapter 1. Nomenclature of Inorganic Compounds