[工学]数电课件chapter04.ppt

Chapter 4 Boolean Algebra and Logic Simplification （布尔代数和逻辑简化） 4-1 BOOLEAN OPERATIONS AND EXPRESSIONS（布尔运算和表达式） Boolean algebra is the mathematics of digital systems. A variable is a symbol (usually an italic uppercase letter) used to represent a logic quantity. Any single variable can have a 1 or 0 value. The complement is the inverse of a variable and is indicated by a bar over the variable (overbar). The complement of the variable A is read as “not A” or “A bar”. Sometimes a prime symbol rather than an overbar is used to denote the complement of a variable. Boolean Operations and Expressions Boolean addition is equivalent to the OR operation and the basic rules are illustrated with their relation to the OR gates as follows: 4-2 LAWS AND RULES OF BOOLEAN ALGEBRA 布尔代数的定律和法则 Laws and Rules of Boolean Algebra Laws and Rules of Boolean Algebra Laws and Rules of Boolean Algebra Laws and Rules of Boolean Algebra 4-3 DEMORGAN’S THEOREMS 狄摩根定理 DeMorgan’s first theorem: The complement of a product of variables is equal to the sum of the complements of the variables. DeMorgan’s Theorems DeMorgan’s Theorems 4-4 BOOLEAN ANALYSIS OF LOGIC CIRCUITS 逻辑电路的布尔分析 Truth Table 4.5 Standard Forms of Boolean Expression（布尔表达式的标准形式） The Sum-of-product (SOP) Form The Product-of-sum (POS) Form The Standard Sum-of-product Form ---Sum of minterms（最小项） The Standard Product-of-sum Form ---Product of maxterms（最大项） Definitions (SOP) Literal: Variable or complement of a variable Product Term: A single literal or a product (AND) of 2 or more literals Sum of Products: Logical s um (OR) of product terms Normal Product Term: Product term with no repeated variables Minterm over N Variables: Normal product term with N variables Standard (Canonical) Sum Of Products: Sum of unique minterms SOP Form（积之和形式） The Sum-of-product (SOP) Form: Terms consists of the product of literals (variables or their complements) are summed by Boolean addition. Conversion of a general expr