[2018年最新整理]信息学联赛算法关于算法的资料.docVIP

一、高精度乘法 1.高精度乘单精度(1位数) 程序如下: program HighPrecision3_Multiply1; const maxlen=100; { max length of the number } type hp=record len:integer; { length of the number } s:array[1..maxlen] of integer; end; var x,y:hp; { x:input hp ; y:output } z:integer; { z:input lp } procedure PrintHP(const p:hp); var i:integer; begin for i:=p.len downto 1 do write(p.s[i]); end; procedure init; var st:string; i:integer; begin readln(st); x.len:=length(st); for i:=1 to x.len do { change string to HP } x.s[i]:=ord(st[x.len+1-i])-ord(0); readln(z); end; procedure Multiply(a:hp;b:integer;var c:hp); { c:=a*b } var i,len:integer; begin fillchar(c,sizeof(c),0); len:=a.len; for i:=1 to len do begin inc(c.s[i],a.s[i]*b); inc(c.s[i+1],c.s[i] div 10); c.s[i]:=c.s[i] mod 10; end; inc(len); while(c.s[len]=10) do begin inc(c.s[len+1],c.s[len] div 10); c.s[len]=c.s[len] mod 10; inc(len); end; while(len1) and (c.s[len]=0) do dec(len); c.len:=len; end; procedure main; begin Multiply(x,z,y); end; procedure out; begin PrintHP(y); writeln; end; begin init; main; out; end. 2.高精度乘一个整型数据(integer) 只需要将上述程序的hp类型定义如下即可: type hp=record len:integer { length of the number } s:array[1..maxlen] of longint { s[1] is the lowest position s[len] is the highest position } end; 3.高精度乘高精度 程序如下: program HighPrecision4_Multiply2; const maxlen=100; { max length of the number } type hp=record len:integer; { length of the number } s:array[1..maxlen] of integer end; var x:array[1..2] of hp; y:hp; { x:input ; y:output } procedure PrintHP(const p:hp); var i:integer; begin for i:=p.len downto 1 do write(p.s[i]); end; procedure init; var st:string; j,i:integer; begin for j:=1 to 2 do begin readln(st); x[j].le