基于51单片机自动晾衣架控制系统设计.doc

基于51单片机自动晾衣架控制系统设计 摘 要 智能自动晾衣架能够实现晾衣架的自动升降，衣服超重的自动检测及系统故障保护等功能。与传统的手动晾衣架相比，自动晾衣架具有升降更省力升降速度更快  AUTOMATIC CLOTHES HANGER CONTROL SYSTEM DESIGN ABSTRACT Intelligent automatic clothes hanger which is able to realize automatic lift the clothes hanger, automatic detection clothes are overweight or not, systems fault protection function of the clothes hanger. Compared with the traditional manual clothes hanger, it has lifting more easily and more faster. As technology is being perfected, automatic air clothes tree will be the market leading products. This design use the single-chip microcomputer AT89C51 as automatic clothes hanger detection and control core .using resistance strain gauge realize overweight detection, through manual buttons to control clothes hanger up or down. through the leds to display the clothes hanger working condition.At the same time,it has the overweight sound-light alarm circuit. this system also increased dc motor of the over-current protection function.software part adopts modular design thought, compiled the flowchart of each module. realized to dc motor positive reverse control and state display functions.This design is agile and convenient, widely use .Basicly can satisfy the practice demands. KEY WORDS clothes hanger single-chip microcomputer lift control alarm 目 录 中文摘要 I 英文摘要 II 1 绪论 1 1.1 自动晾衣架介绍 1 1.2 晾衣架的历史及现状 1 1.3 晾衣架行业的发展及未来 2 2 整体电路设计 4 2.1 自动晾衣架整体框图 4 2.2 系统的主要部件方案论证与比较 4 2.2.1 处理器的选择与论证 5 2.2.2 驱动电机的选择与论证 5 2.2.3 直流电机驱动电路的选择与论证 5 2.2.4 稳压电源方案选择与论证 6 2.3 系统各模块的最终方案 6 3 基本元器件介绍及各部分电路设计 8 3.1 直流电机的运行原理 8 3.1.1 直流电机的结构 8 3.1.2 直流电机的基本工作原理 8 3.1.3 直流电机的额定值 10 3.2 单片机原理 11 3.2.1 单片机原理概述 11 3.2.2 单片机的应用系统 11 3.2.3 AT89C51简介 13 3.3 其它主要器件介绍 17 3.3.1 NE555介绍 17 3.3.2 集成运放LM358介绍 19 3.3.3 继电器的介绍 20 3.3.4 光耦介绍 22 3.3.5 串行下载口介绍 23 3.4 各部分电路设计 25 3.4.1 电源电路 25 3.4.2 时钟电路 27 3.4.3 复位电路 28 3.4.4 按键电路 29 3.4.5 超重检测电路 29 3.4.6 状态指示电路 30 3.4.7 声光报警电路 31 3.4.8 过流保护电路 32 3.4.9 控制电机正反转电路 33 3.4.10 串