海岸防风林带空隙对微气候影响之研究AStudyonthe-水土保持学系.PDFVIP

海岸防風林帶空隙對微氣候影響之研究 (1) (2) 黃隆明 劉奇恩 摘 要 台中港木麻黃防風林造林迄今已屆 30 年，由於立地環境惡劣，以及近年來強勁颱風吹襲 之影響，許多林木開始衰退枯萎、倒塌，林帶內逐漸產生各種大小的空隙。為瞭解空隙是否會 對林帶內的微氣候造成影響，本研究在四個不同空隙試區，架設 CR10X及 DAVIS綜合氣象觀測 儀器，並以氣象站及濱海之空曠地區作為對照點，進行比較分析。結果顯示，溫濕度差分別在 2℃及 7％以內；氣壓則無差異；但日照時數則差異較大，以鬱閉林帶最短，僅 3個小時。綜合 得知，空隙大小不但對日照時數、光度、日輻射、蒸發量及風向影響顯著外，而且對溫溼度及 地溫亦略有影響，然而對氣壓、土壤水分及風速則無影響。 （關鍵詞 ：海岸防風林、立地環境、空隙、微氣候） A Study on the Influence of Microclimate by the Wind Gap at Coastal Windbreaks Long-Ming Huang(1), Chi-En Liu(2) Associate Professor(1) and Graduate Student(2), Department of Soil and Water Conservation National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C. ABSTRACT Casuarina trees were planted as windbreak belt along the perimeters of the Taichung Harbor thirty years ago. Due to the harsh local environments, numerous Casuarin trees have died since. As a result, wind gaps in various sizes in the intended windbreak belt have been created. To understand influences of these wind gaps on the local microclimate in the windbreak belt, a CR10X and DAVIS weather station was used in this study to compare and analyze three different sizes of wind gaps. In addition, a strip of well-treed windbreak belt without wind gaps created by dead Casuarina trees was also used in this study as the fourth case for comparisons. The open areas around the near-by seashore was used as the reference point for comparisons. Key differences between the windbreak gaps and the reference points were 2℃ in ambient temperature, 7% in relative humility and daily (1) 國立中興大學水土保持學系副教授 (2) 國立中興大學水土保持學系碩士班研究生 189 水土保持學報 39(2) ：189 - 200 (2007) Journal of Soil and Water Conservat