AcademicReadingTest3试题及答案.doc

Academic Reading Test 3 Reading passage I Question 1~19 are based on Reading passage I. Computer security It is believed that the problem of computer security has changed over a period of time as business, through an increased use of information technology (IT),have become more and more dependent on information and the associated information systems (IS). However, at the same time, there has been limited change in the implemented security or safeguards to these information systems. In fact many executives or manages fail to even identify the relevant requirement for security or policies. A The Internet has been roughly doubling in size every year, and the associated security incidents have been running to parity. Even if the percentage of malicious users is small, the increase in size of the Internet and in the number of incidents of failed security is significant. The importance of the Internet can be highlighted by the fact that in July 1991 33% of Internet users were from the commercial sectors, whereas in July 1996 this figure had risen to 50%. B I n 1988, the Morris “worm” was introduced on the Internet to invade, attack and replicate itself on the network. The response was to shut down E-mail and connectivity. However, the “fixes” were to be distributed via E-mail and so the solution was self-defeating. As a result of this worm virus, CERT (Computer Emergency Response Team) was formed, with the Australian version staring in 1992. C One of the problems with Internet security is the fact that the incidents are increasing in sophistication. One of the reasons for this has been the increasing availability of toolkits. Although these toolkits are designed to assist computer systems designers to protect and develop their sites, they also allow relatively ignorant intruders to carry out increasingly complex incidents with the utilization of many routers and disguises to reach their “target”. According to a US Development of Defence rep