[理学]DIP-LECTURE12012.ppt

周 铁 zhoutie@hainu.edu.cn Chapter1 Introduction What is an image? Picture, Photograph Visual data Usually two- or three-dimensional What is a digital image? An image which is “discretized,” i.e., defined on a discrete grid (ex. scanner) Two-dimensional collection of light intensity values (or gray values) Matrix, two-dimensional function Chapter1 Introduction What is digital image processing? Digital image processing deals with the manipulation and analysis of pictures by a computer. Improve pictorial information for better clarity (human interpretation).改善人类做判断用的图像信息 Automatic machine processing of scene data (interpretation by a machine/non-human, storage, transmission).处理自动装置感受的景物数据 Chapter1 Introduction Types of images Important steps in a typical image processing system Important steps Chapter1 Introduction Image Processing and Analysis  Transformations Level 0: Image representation (acquisition, sampling, quantization, compression) Level 1: Image-to-image transformations (enhancement, restoration, segmentation) Level 2: Image-to-parameter transformation (feature selection) Level 3: Parameter-to-decision transformation (recognition and interpretation) Components of an Image Processing System 1. Image sensor 2. Specialized hardware 3. Computer 4. Software 5. Mass storage he Fundamental components of a digital image processing system A image-processing sequence — Gray values(灰度表示) f(x,y)灰度： R=G=B Image restoration图像恢复(1) Image restoration图像恢复(2) Compression图像压缩编码(1) Compression图像压缩编码(2) 在保真或限保真条件下对图像进行压缩 主要技术方法： PCM编码 统计编码 预测编码 变换编码 小波编码 分形编码 Image Analysis图像分析(1) 人体染色体 形状分析 Image Recognition and Interpretation图像识别(1) Images come from various applications Images come from various applications Images come from various applications Images come from various applications Images come from various applications Images come from various applicatio