基于三菱FX2N64MT四层电梯的控制设计.doc

基于三菱FX2N-64MT的四层电梯控制设计 摘 要 本主要介绍了PLC的发展过程以及主要应用，并对目前常见的几种PLC进行了简单的介绍和比较。设计方面主要是4层电梯的PLC控制系统总体设计方案、设计过程、组成，列出了具体的主要硬件电路、电梯的控制梯形图及指令表。并对程序进行了详细地说明。 可编程控制器是计算机技术与自动化控制技术相结合而开发的一种适用工业环境的新型通用自动控制装置，是作为传统继电器的替换产品而出现的。由于它可通过软件来改变控制过程，而且具有体积小、组装维护方便、编程简单、可靠性高、抗干扰能力强等特点，已广泛应用于工业控制的各个领域，大大推进了机电一体化的进程。 电梯是高层建筑不可缺少的运输工具，用于垂直运送乘客和货物，传统的电梯控制系统主要采用继电器--接触器进行控制，其缺点是触点多，故障率高、可靠性差、维修工作量大等，而采用 PLC组成的控制系统可以很好地解决上述问题，使电梯运行更加安全、方便、舒适。目前在电梯行业已得到广泛应用。在层数和控制功能较少的场合，采用PLC控制较为有利。它利用旋转编码器、变频器速度卡和PLC组成闭环系统，由PLC中的高速计数器来检测位置。介绍了该系统在电梯中应用的硬件结构、PLC和变频器通讯的相关程序设计及变频器的参数设置，探讨了系统结构设计、变频器容量及制动电阻选择等问题。突出了变频器在电梯中的控制特点，为变频器在电梯控制中的应用提供了实际经验。 关键词：电梯，可编程控制器，梯形图，自动控制 BASED ON THE FOUR LAYERS FX2N-64MT MITSUBISHI ELEVATOR CONTROL DESIGN ABSTRACT This mainly introduces the development process and the main PLC application, and several common PLC is also briefly introduced and compared. Design is mainly 4 elevators PLC control system, overall design scheme, design process, composition, lists the main hardware circuit and the specific elevator control ladder-diagram and instructions. And the procedure in detail. Programmable controller is computer technology and automation control technology combining the development of a new type of industrial environment for automatic control device, as the replacement of traditional relays appear. Because it can be controlled through software to change, and has small volume, convenient maintenance and assembly programming is simple, high reliability and anti-interference ability, has been widely used in the field of industrial control, greatly promote the electromechanical integration process. An elevator is indispensable to the high-rise building for vertical transport, carrying passengers and cargo, the traditional elevator control system mainly adopts relays -- contactor controlling, its shortcoming is contacts, high reliability and low maintenance workload big etc, and PLC control system composed of can well solve the above problem, make the elevator operates more safe, conv