现代后备及经产母猪育种技术教学幻灯片.pptVIP

现代后备及经产母猪育种技术MODERN GILT AND SOW BREEDING TECHNOLOGY;Managing the breeding herd繁 殖 猪 群 的 管 理;Interrelationships between factors influencing weaned pig output 影响断奶仔猪产量各因素之间的关系;Ensure that animal inventories match facility capacity;Requirements to meet weaned pig targets实现断奶猪生产计划的条件;Relative importance of factors influencing the number of pigs weaned per week;Number of females bred per week is dependent on 3 subpopulations每周配种母猪数取决于三个因素;Number of Sows Available and Gilts Required on a Weekly Basis 每周可用母猪数和所需小母猪数;When gilts reach 145 to 150 days of age, a final selection should be based on: 小母猪达145-150日龄时应按以下标准进行最后选择： Weight for age 一定日龄时的体重和背膘厚 Gilts should be 95 kg at 145 d or 100 kg at 150 d 145日龄时体重应达95千克，或150日龄时体重应达100千克 Backfat levels should be 10 – 12 mm P2 at 95 – 100kg 体重95-100千克时P2背膘厚应为10-12毫米 Conformation: 体型 Strong on legs, move easily, free from lameness 肢蹄强壮，行动快捷，无跛行 At least 12 well developed evenly spaces teats 至少有12个发育良好、排列均匀的乳头 Free from other abnormalities (hermaphrodite, ruptures) or other deformities or injuries 无其它异常(两性畸形,疝气)或者其它畸形或损伤 Temperament 性情 Gilts should be calm and not excessively afraid of human contact应性情安宁,不应过于害怕与人接触;Gilt litters constitute the largest parity group在所有各胎次的母猪中,头胎母猪占的比例最大average 21% (range 15 – 30%)平均约占21%(15 - 30%);Common situation with gilt replacement后备母猪通常的体况标准;Performance and body composition of gilts at puberty初情期小母猪的性能和躯体成分;Puberty can be induced by:可通过以下方法进行初情诱导：;Advantages of Early Boar Exposure提早接触公猪有何好处;Boar Exposure- Puberty Induction接触公猪——初情诱导;Exposure time 15 minutes per group of 10-12 gilts. As group size increases time of exposure must also increase. 小母猪每群15头，接触15分钟；数量多则应增加时间 Do not house gilts near stimulus boar. 小母猪舍不应接近刺激用的公猪。 Use v. boars to simplify the process.