因应气候变迁雪霸圈谷融雪对七家湾溪流量之影响SnowmeltofShei.PDFVIP

因應氣候變遷雪霸圈谷融雪對七家灣溪流量之影響 (1) (2) (3) 簡俊豪 林政侑 林昭遠 摘 要 雪為影響雪霸圈谷與七家灣溪生態系之重要因子，其以固態的形式滯留於圈谷，當氣溫上 升時融化並產生逕流注入河川或滲入為地下水，具有穩定集水區內河川流量與水溫變化之作用， 若全球暖化加速圈谷融雪速率，使水資源難以雪的型態於冬季儲存，將影響下游櫻花鉤吻鮭之 生態基流量，為此分析氣候變化對七家灣溪基流量之影響極為重要。本研究藉由氣象觀測站所 測得之雨量及氣溫資料，搭配衛星影像所計算之 NDSI 萃取雪覆面積，加入融雪逕流模式(SRM) 模擬冬、旱時期集水區之流量歷線，另利用不同氣候變遷情境推估集水區流量歷線變化，探討 氣候變遷對圈谷融雪及其下游流量之影響。結果顯示桃山西溪與池有溪匯流口之流量，部份時 期未能符合櫻花鉤吻鮭生態基流量 0.06cms 之基本需求，由此推測櫻花鉤吻鮭僅能存活於桃山 西溪與池有溪匯流口下游河段，此外；在氣候變遷模擬下，七家灣溪沿線(桃山西溪至高山溪) 逕流量約減少 0.07~8.71%，造成低於生態基流量河段增加，天然棲地減少之情況發生。 關鍵詞：( 雪霸國家公園、氣候變遷、 SRM模型 ) Snowmelt of Shei-Pa cirque on the discharge of Chechawan creek in response to climate change Jiun-hau Jian (1) Cheng-Yu Lin (2) Chao-Yuan Lin (3) Graduate Student (1) Ph.D.Student (2) Professor and corresponding author (3) Department of Soil and Water Conservation, National Chung-Hsing University, Taiwan ABSTRACT Snowfall is an important factor affecting Shei-Pa Cirque and its nearby ecosystems of Chechiawan creek, which stores at the Cirque areas in a solid form and melts becoming runoff to recharge river and groundwater by infiltration process as temperature increase. This phenomenon shows that the function of stabilizing watershed river discharge and water temperature in the drought season. Global warming could accelerate the snow                                                         (1)國立中興大學水土保持學系研究生 (2)國立中興大學水土保持學系博士生 (3)國立中興大學水土保持學系教授 (通訊作者 e-mail ：cylin@water.nchu.edu.tw ) 水土保持學報 45 (4): 815 – 830 (2013) Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 45 (4): 815 – 830 (2013)  melting rate, and the loss of water resources could severely affect the downstream ecological base flow of Formosan landlocked salmon. This is why climate change plays critical roles on the variations of th