A First Book of ANSI C Fourth Edition文档.ppt

Declaring and Using Pointers In declaring a pointer variable, C requires that we also specify the type of variable that is pointed to int *numAddr; This declaration can be read in a number of ways: as the variable pointed to by numAddr is an integer, or as numAddr points to an integer Declaring and Using Pointers (continued) Passing Addresses to a Function Passing Addresses to a Function (continued) Sample run of Program 7.6: Enter a number: 24.6 The address that will be passed is 124484 The address received is 124484 The value pointed to by xnum is: 24.60 Passing Addresses to a Function (continued) Case Study: Swapping Values A common programming requirement is the sorting of both numeric values and text, such as names, in either ascending (increasing) or descending (decreasing) order Typically accomplished by comparing two values and then switching values if they are not in the correct order Requirements Specification Write a C function that exchanges the values in two single-precision variables of its called function Thus, if the function has access to two variables of its calling function, the called function should switch the values in these variables Analyze the Problem Input (arguments of the function): two addresses, of the two variables whose values are to be exchanged Output: change the values in the calling function using passed addresses Swapping the values of two variables is accomplished using the following algorithm: Store the first variable’s value in a temporary location Store the second variable’s value in the first variable Store the temporary value in the second variable Analyze the Problem (continued) Code the Function Code the Function (continued) Test and Debug the Program The following sample run was obtained using Program 7.10, which completes the verification: Enter two numbers: 20.5 6.25 Before the call to swap(): The value in firstnum is 20.50 The value in secnum is 6.25 After the call to swap(): The value in firstnum is 6.25 The v