Three way catalyst emissions control technologies for spark ignition engines recent trends and future developments火花点火发动机的三种催化剂排放控制技术近期趋势和未来发展.pdfVIP

Catalysis Today 62 (2000) 35–50 Twenty-five years after introduction of automotive catalysts: what next? M. Shelef , R.W. McCabe Chemical and Physical Sciences Laboratory, Ford Research Laboratory, Ford Motor Company, MD-3179, SRL, PO Box 2053, Dearborn, MI 48121, USA Abstract The union of catalysts and the automobile has been one of the greatest successes of heterogeneous catalysis over the last 25 years. Here, the history of automotive catalysis is briefly reviewed, followed by an assessment of where automotive catalysis stands today and where it is headed in the future. A key distinction between past automotive catalysis experience and that projected for the future is an increased focus on catalysts in upstream of power plant applications, such as on-board fuel processing units for fuel cell vehicles. Driven by ever tighter regulations, there will be continued research and development activity focused also on downstream applications (i.e. exhaust emission aftertreatment), especially for fuel-efficient, lean-burn vehicles, both diesel and spark-ignited. © 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. Keywords: Automotive catalysts; Heterogeneous catalysis; On-board fuel processing units 1. Introduction centers where these devices have not yet been widely implemented will quickly notice the difference in air Automotive catalysts designed to detoxify the ex- quality. The ubiquity of automobiles, and by exten- haust were implemented in production in US on sion of catalysts, has made