碳预算方案报告-MDGFund.DOC

Research on International Mechanism of Carbon Budget Proposal By Jiahua PAN, Ying CHEN, and Chenxi LI Research Centre for Sustainable Development Chinese Academy of Social Sciences Abstract: A worldwide consensus on reducing greenhouse gas emissions has been reached at the technical and political level. However, as the issue involves economic costs and developmental interests, the international institutional framework for addressing global greenhouse gas emissions has consistently failed to balance the demands of impartiality and sustainability. But a sustainable carbon budget proposal is undoubtedly achievable if the total global carbon budget (the total amount of carbon permitted by climate security) is made an absolute constraint. If an initial allocation is made among all members of the global village on a per capita basis, a limited total budget could not only meet basic needs but also ensure equity. Taking into account historical emission levels and future needs, we should implement carbon budget transfer payments and devise a corresponding financial mechanism to ensure efficient allocation. In addition, with the elements of emission cap trade system, measurable, reportable, and verifiable mechanisms（MRV）, and compliance mechanism, the carbon budget proposal presented here is a comprehensive and holistic package. Key words: carbon budget proposal, equity, sustainability, international climate regime, international mechanisms I. Introduction Climate change is a heatedly discussed issue on a global scale currently; international mechanisms and actions in response to climate change are bound to produce long-term and profound impacts on world economy and international politics in the future. After 2012, international climate system has five core elements, i.e., shared vision for long-term global cooperative actions, mitigation, adaptation, technology, and fund. The core issue is how to conduct sharing of obligations for greenhouse gas emission reduction or allo