一就的英语表示法.docVIP

一...就...的英语表示法 宋谦棋 返回语法讲座　　　　返回语法答问 “一……就……”，这一汉语句型在英语中有多种 不同的表现形式，归纳起来，大致有以下十种。 1. no sooner...than... No sooner had he got to the station than the train started. 他一到达车站，火车就开走了。 I had no sooner seen him than I asked him about the matter. 我一见到他，就问及那件事情。 (注) no sooner与than搭配放在句首，助动词had放在 主语前，即：No sooner had I seen.... no sooner所在的主句常用过去完成时， that引导的从 句用一般过去时。no sooner... than与下面的 hardly...when以及scarcely...when(间或before) 同义， 用法相同。 2．hardly...when... Hardly had it stopped raining when they went to work in the fields. 雨一停，他们就到田里去干活了。 He had hardly got off the bus when he met an old friend of his. 他一下公共汽车，就碰见他的一个老朋友。 3. scarcely...when/before... Scarcely had the bell rung when they went to the playground. 铃一响，他们就到操场去了。 He had scarcely got home before it began to rain. 他一到家，天就开始下雨了。 4．as soon as As soon as the teacher entered the classroom，the students stopped talking. 老师一进教室，学生们就停止讲话了。 Ill write to tell you as soon as I know about it. 我一了解情况，就会写信告诉你。 (注)as soon as引导的从句可以放在句首，也可以放 在句未。主句和从句多数场合都是用一般过去时， 有时候主句用一般将来时，从句用现在时表示将 来时。 5．on+动名词 On arriving at the village，we were warmly welcomed by the villagers. 我们一到那个村子，就受到了村民们的热烈欢迎。 (注) on+动名词这一句型多用来表示时间的短促和动 作的紧凑，这一介词短语一般放在句首。动名词也 可换用相应的名词，如上例可改成： On our arrival at the village，...。 句中的谓语动词用一般过去时：on后的动名词， 一般来自表示去向性动作的动词，如arrive，reach，return， leave等。 6．at+动名词 At seeing her mother，the girl burst into tears. 一见到母亲，那女孩就放声大哭起来。 (注) at＋动名词和上述on+动名词多放在句首。 动名词也可换用相应的名词，如上例可改成： At the sight of her mother，...。句中的谓语动词用 一般过去时。at后的动名词，一般来自see，hear等 表示视、听感觉的动词。 7. right after The workers went home for a rest right after completing their task. 工人们一完成任务，就回家休息了。 (注) right after后跟动名词，放在句子后部。句中的 谓语动词用一般过去时。 8．immediately Immediately the discussion was finished，the meeting was over. 讨论一完毕，会就散了。 (注) immediately为副词，这里起连词作用，换用 instantly也可以。 9．the instant (that) The instant (that) she came back, she helped her brother with his homework. 她一回来，就帮助她的弟弟做作业。 (注) the instant (that)起连词作用，后跟从句。与下 面的the moment (that)用法相同。 10．the moment (that) The enemy p