科技英语翻译Lecture2.ppt

七、复合词与缩略词 Full-enclosed Feed- back Maths (mathematics) Lab (laboratory) Ft (foot / feet) FM (frequency modulation) TELESAT (telecommunications satellite) Lecture 2. 英语科技文献的语言特点 “科技文献”是一个集体名词，泛指科技论文、研究报告、技术标准、科技广告、科技产品指南、科技图书、科技教材、科普读物、科技新闻等多种类型和文体。 科技语言是反映客观现实世界的工具，为了能客观准确地描述客观世界的实情，科技语言尽可能在语言使用上规范地道，在语言形式上简明准确，在语义理解上直接明了，尽可能不出现语言变异现象。科技文献追求的是形式与逻辑的结合。 “It appears that you’ve got the offer of a very good job.” “A wonderful job.” “Are you going to take it?” “I don’t think so.” “Why not?” “I don’t want to.” 这是小说中的一段对话，属于口语文体。其特点是：用词自由，句法结构简单，短句与省略句多，自然朴素，生活气息浓厚。在译文中进一步体现汉语口语的特点，省去主语“你”、“我”；将英语的一个句子 I don’t think so.干脆译成一个字“不”，显得简洁有力。 She was of a helpless, fleshy build, with a frank, open countenance and an innocent, diffident manner. Her eyes were large and patient, and in them dwelt such a shadow of distress as only those who have looked sympathetically into the countenances of the distraught and helpless poor know anything about. 这是文艺文体，其特点是：语言凝练，形象生动，修辞富于艺术色彩，大量使用形容词。五十一个词的片段，就运用了十个形容词，占五分之一。“and in them dwelt such a shadow of distress ”是非常优美生动的文学语言，译文保持了这一风格。 MONTREAL --- Clark Johns accomplished a spectacular debut for his NHL career tonight, the first score launching a four-point first period outburst, to lead the Johnson City High Hats to a 6 --- 4 victory over the Montreal Teals and their eighth consecutive game without a loss. 这是属于应用文的新闻文体，其特点是简明扼要，短小精悍，结构紧凑，笔锋犀利。这则电讯只有一个句子，却把一场球赛描绘得淋漓尽致，富于吸引力。 日常英语 People get natural rubber from rubber trees as a white, milky liquid, which is called latex. They mix it with acid, and dry it, and then they send it to countries all over the world. As the rubber industry grew, people needed more and more rubber. They started rubber plantations in countries with hot, wet weather conditions, but these still could not give enough raw rubber to meet the needs of growing industry. 科技英语 Natural rubber is obtained from rubber trees as a white, milky liquid known as latex. This is treated with acid and dried before