20定语从句解读.docVIP

定语从句 Attributive clause 【考点概况】 定义 I. 定语从句起形容词的作用，在句中修饰一个名词或代词。被修饰的词叫做先行词，引导定语从句的词叫关系词，它的作用一是放在先行词与定语从句中间起了连接作用，二是在从句中担当一个成分，并与先行词保持数的一致。 关系词 先行词 从句 成分 例句 备注 关系代词 who 人 主语 Do you know the woman who is talking with your teacher? whom, which和that在从句中作宾语时，常可以省略，但介词提前时后面关系代词不能省略，也不可以用that whom 人 宾语 Mr. Green i高考资源网s the person with whom I am working. whose 人，物 定语 I like those books whose topics are about science. The boy whose father works abroad is my classmate. that 人，物 主语 宾语 A plane is a machine that can fly. He is the star (that) I want to see very much. which 物 主语 宾语 The bike (which) I gave you was worth $30. The picture which was about the earthquake was terrible. as 人，物 主语 宾语 He is such a person as is respected by all of us. This is the same key as I lost yesterday. as作宾语一般不省略 关系副词 when 时间 时间 状语 I will never forget the day when we met here. 可用on which where 地点 地点 状语 This is the house where Luxun was born. 可用in which why 原因 原因 状语 I can’t imagine the reason why he refused my offer. 可用for which Ⅱ. as与which的区别： 定语 从句 区别 例句 限制性定语从句　中 名词前有such和the same修饰时，关系代词用as,不能用which He is not such a fool as he looks. Don’t read such books as you can’t understand. 非限制性定语从句中 as和which都可以指代前面整个主句。如果有“正如，像”的含义，并可以放在主句前，也可以放在后面，那么用as；而which引导的从句只能放主句后，并无“正如”的意思。 They won the match, as we had expected. They won the match, which we hadn’t expected. As is well known, she is a famous singer star in the 1980s. Ⅲ. 限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别： 类别 语法意义及特征 例句 限制性定语从句 对先行词起修饰限制作用，如果去掉，主句意思就不完整明确，这种从句与主句的关系十分密切，写时不用逗号分开。 The accident happened at the time when I left. 非限制性定语从句　 对先行词作附加的说明，与主句的关系不十分密切，较松散。从句和主句之间用逗号分开，相当于一个插入语，不能用that引导，关系代词作宾语时也不能省略。 Her mother, whom she loved deeply, died yesterday. 【名师点拨】 An attributive clause also comes from a sentence. 句子 → 从句 The boy often comes late. The boy who often comes late… ↑ 指人 The book cost me ten yuan. The book that cost me ten yuan… ↑