[工学]超宽带定位.doc

 PAGE \* MERGEFORMAT 87 超宽带定位技术的研究与应用 摘 要 超宽带UWB(Ultra Wide Band)技术，又称为冲激无线电技术，其波形的相对能量带宽大于0.25，自被FCC(国际联邦通信委员会)允许通过以来一直备受关注，现己成为无线通信领域研究开发的一个热点，并被视为下一代无线通信的关键技术之一。 超宽带技术在诸多应用领域中都体现出极大的优势，在无线定位方面更是优于传统的无线定位方式。超宽带定位技术由于具有功耗低、多径分辨率高、信号隐蔽性好，尤其是能提供非常高的定位精度等优点，成为无线定位技术中极具潜力的技术。因此对超宽带定位系统的研究具有重要的应用价值。 本文的主要研究内容就是超宽带在LOS环境下的测距定位。第五章基于超宽带的定位方法是本文的重点，本章首先介绍了UWB在无线定位领域的优势与局限性，接着介绍了基于超宽带技术的无线定位方式，对于TOA定位方式只做了简单的LSE位置估计，而对更加实用的TDOA定位方式则进行了更加深入的研究，在介绍TDOA定位方式这节中主要介绍了四种典型的TDOA双曲线定位算法，即Fang算法、Chan氏算法、Taylor算法及基于Chan和Taylor的一种改进算法，本节最后又分别对四种算法进行了MATLAB仿真，并在本章最后进行了仿真结果比较，进而选出较好的定位算法方案。 关键词:超宽带技术;TDOA定位方式;Fang算法;Chan氏算法;Taylor算法 The Research And Application Of UWB Positioning Technology Abstract UWB ( Ultra Wide Band ) technology, also known as the impulse radio technology, the waveform of the relative energy bandwidth greater than 0.25, since the FCC ( International Federal Communications Commission ) is allowed to pass has been of concern, has become the field of wireless communications research and development of a hot spot, and is considered the next generation one of the key technologies for wireless communication. Ultra wide band technology in many fields have showed great advantage, in a wireless location is more superior to the traditional wireless positioning method. UWB positioning technique with low power consumption, high resolution signal multipath, good concealment, especially can provide very high positioning precision, a wireless positioning technology in the great potential of the technology. Therefore for UWB positioning system the research to have the important application value. The main content of this paper is the broadband environment in LOS location. The fifth chapter is based on UWB positioning method is the focus of this paper, this chapter first introduces UWB in wireless location field strengths and limitations, and then introduced the UWB based wireless positioning method for TOA positioning way, only some simple LSE location estimation, and the mor