[英语]讲座7 阅读理解常见题型解题“十六字诀”.pptVIP

阅读理解常见题型解题 “十六字诀” 词义猜测虽不难，掌握方法也关键。上下左右细查看，准确判断笑开颜。 词义猜测题 判断推理难度大，深层隐含均有它。定性定量巧推断，把握基调揣情感。 判断推理题 细节判断虽麻烦，掌握方法最关键。语义表达纵转换，准确定位不臆断。 细节判断题 主旨大意不用怕，灵活寻读意义大。归纳浓缩定标题，依据主旨识目的。 主旨大意题 解题口诀 常见题型 一、 主旨大意题 主旨大意题是高考必考题目，旨在考查考生通过阅读归纳文章中心意思的能力。要做好这类题目，考生必须学会区分主要信息和次要信息；既要看到树木，又要看到森林；既要弄清一词一句，又要通读全文，通篇理解。具体来说，需要注意以下几点： I. 善用寻读法，确定主题句 主题句是每个组成语篇的语段的灵魂和中心。准确把握各个语段的主题对于全文主旨大意的理解和标题的概括以及作者写作意图的判断有着非常重要的意义。所以，考生要格外重视。一般说来，主题句有可能出现在段首、段中和段尾，但是也有可能隐含其中,需要作者去分析综合。 【典例一】(原创) Saying sorry isn’t always enough to earn forgiveness but you have more chances of getting your message across if you speak into someone’s right ear, research indicates. Scientists found that when we are angry, the right ear becomes more receptive to sound than the left. The discovery has led to the theory that by targeting the right ear the penitent（悔罪者，道歉者） are more likely to succeed in talking someone round. Researchers came to the conclusion after carrying out hearing tests on 30 young men who had been worked up into a fury. The participants were given a folder of hostile statements to read to anger them, while scientists observed their heart rates, blood pressure and testosterone（荷尔蒙） levels rise. Q: The main idea of the paragraph is________. A . apologies go down better through right ear B. why the penitent usually target the right ear C. what the scientists do to carry out the experiment D. which ear is more important to say sorry to others 【解析】选A。本文首句交代“一声“对不起”往往不足以求得别人的原谅，但一项最新研究表明，如果这声“对不起”是对着对方的右耳说，他会更容易“听进去”。接下来，论述与这一发现有关的一些细节信息，如受试对象和方法等。所以正确答案为A。 B项是关于为什么道歉人对着右耳道歉。C项是关于科学家为了做这项实验做了哪些事情，D项是对别人道歉哪只耳朵更重要。所以只有选项A为本段落主题句。 II 浓缩主题句，确定最佳标题 标题是文章主旨大意最精炼的表达，对于标题的概括，要结合文章各个段落的主题句进行浓缩和归纳，然后确定最佳标题。 【典例二】（原创） For years I wanted a flower garden. Id spend hours thinking of different things I could plant that would look nice together. But then we had Matthew. And Marvin. And the twins, Alisa and Alan. And then Helen. Five children. I was too busy raising them to grow a garden. Mo