汉英翻译中的句子组合-（二）.pptVIP

1. 选定主题 确立句子主干 由于汉语句子结构相对松散, 但主题总是很鲜明。因此，翻译时，要首先选定汉语长句的主题,然后根据英语的树状结构需求，确立句子主干。如下句中的红体字即句子的主干。 1. 最后的鸽群带着低弱的笛声在微风里划一个圈子后，也消失了。也许是预感到风雨的将至，遂过早地飞回它们温暖的木舍。 The last flock of pigeons have also gone out of sight after doing their final circling in the soft breeze, the sound of their whistles barely audible. They are hastening back to their warm wooden dovecote 鸽房 earlier than usual perhaps because of their presentiment 预感 of a storm. 2. 清晨往松林里去散步，我在林荫路畔发现了一束被人遗弃了的蔷薇。蔷薇的花色还是鲜艳的，一朵紫红，一朵嫩红，一朵是病黄的象牙色中带着几分血晕。 Rambling through a pine forest early in the morning, I came across a bunch of forsaken roses lying by the shady wayside. They were still fresh in color. One was purplish- red, another pink, still another a sickly ivory-yellow slightly tinged 淡色的 with blood-red. 2. 仔细分析 理清逻辑关系 确定句子的主干只是翻译长句的第一步。找到长句的主干之后，接下来要根据长句的主题，认真分析并理清上下文各修饰成分与中心词之间的语法和逻辑关系。然后，再回到整体上来把握和翻译。 夜是安静的，然而也是生动的。狗儿活跃起来了，他们悄然无声地沿着院子围墙跑着，不时地停下来支支耳朵，细察来自远近的一切切动静，履行保卫主人的职责。 The night was quiet but alive. The lively dogs, dutifully defending their masters, ran along the courtyard wall noiselessly, stopping now and then, pricking up their ears carefully listening for any sound, near or far. 3. 把握语义,确定词语单位 鼠儿活跃起来了，不放过任何机会地往窝里拉拽着大意的人们没有安放好的食物，尽量避免发出任何声响。猫儿也活跃起来了，它们藏好了身子，然而耳朵和眼睛都在紧张地工作着，伺机捕捉这些夜里活动的窃贼。 Resourceful rats did not miss any chance to drag to their house the food careless people left around, trying their best to avoid making any noise. The hid-ing cats were active too, their eyes and ears alert, waiting for the chance to catch the night thieves. 4. 调整搭配,重新组合句子 e.g. 遗传和行为的继承一直是支配环境的惟一方式，当这种继承第一次被有意识的选择打破时，人类历史便开始了。 ①Human history began ②when the inheritance of genetics and behavior. ③which had until then provided the only way of dominating the environment ④was first broken through by conscious choice. 整体组合上面例句： Human history began when the inheritance of genetics and behavior whi